Supra Rajiv, Wilson Daniel R, Agrawal Devendra K
College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University, Henderson, Nevada, New York.
Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Pomona, California, USA.
J Biotechnol Biomed. 2023;6(2):189-196. doi: 10.26502/jbb.2642-91280082. Epub 2023 May 4.
Peripheral nerve injury results in severe loss of motor and sensory function in the affected limb. The gold standard for peripheral nerve repair is autologous nerve grafts, but their inherent drawbacks limit their use. Satisfactory clinical data are yet to be obtained using tissue engineered nerve grafts with neurotrophic factors introduced in these grafts for nerve repair. Therefore, peripheral nerve regeneration still remains a challenge for clinicians. Exosomes are secreted nanovesicles from the extracellular membrane. They are critical for communication within the cell and play a crucial role in the pathologic process of the peripheral nervous system. Recent research supports the role of exosomes in exhibiting neurotherapeutic effects through axonal growth, Schwann cell activation, and regulating inflammation. Indeed, the use of "smart" exosomes by reprogramming or manipulating the secretome contents and functions are rising as a therapeutic option for treating peripheral nerve defects. This review provides an overview on the promising role of exosomes in the process of peripheral nerve regeneration.
周围神经损伤会导致受影响肢体严重丧失运动和感觉功能。周围神经修复的金标准是自体神经移植，但它们固有的缺点限制了其应用。使用在组织工程神经移植物中引入神经营养因子进行神经修复，尚未获得令人满意的临床数据。因此，周围神经再生仍然是临床医生面临的一项挑战。外泌体是从细胞外膜分泌的纳米囊泡。它们对于细胞内通讯至关重要，并且在周围神经系统的病理过程中发挥关键作用。最近的研究支持外泌体通过轴突生长、雪旺细胞激活和调节炎症发挥神经治疗作用。事实上，通过重新编程或操纵分泌组内容物和功能来使用“智能”外泌体作为治疗周围神经缺损的一种治疗选择正在兴起。这篇综述概述了外泌体在周围神经再生过程中的有前景的作用。
