Minoretti Piercarlo, Sigurtà Camilla, Fachinetti Anna, Cerone Emanuele, Rotta Fabio, Emanuele Enzo
Aviation Medicine, Studio Minoretti, Oggiono, ITA.
Aviation Medicine, Cavok Medical Center, Lonate Pozzolo, ITA.
Cureus. 2023 Jun 1;15(6):e39841. doi: 10.7759/cureus.39841. eCollection 2023 Jun.
INTRODUCTION: The term "WORKbiota" has been used to describe the impact of occupational exposure and work types on human microbiota composition. Airline pilots, construction workers, and fitness instructors encompass three diverse professional groups, each with distinct work environments and lifestyle factors that may significantly influence their intestinal "WORKbiota." OBJECTIVES: The current preliminary investigation was aimed to compare the relative abundance of specific gut microbes among airline pilots, construction workers, and fitness instructors to shed light on any significant differences. By scrutinizing these diverse professional groups, our objective was to enhance our understanding of how occupational factors influence gut microbiota while identifying possible implications for occupational medicine. METHODS: A convenience sample consisting of 60 men representing three different professional domains - airline pilots, construction workers, and fitness instructors (with 20 individuals in each group) - was selected during regular outpatient occupational health consultations. The abundance of selected gut microbiota constituents, including , , , , spp., spp., and spp., was quantified using quantitative SYBR Green quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in stool samples. RESULTS: There were no significant variations among the groups concerning , , spp., and spp. However, spp. and were significantly more abundant in the microbiota of fitness instructors compared to both airline pilots and construction workers, with no significant differences observed between the latter two groups. Notably, the abundance of demonstrated a progressive decline from fitness instructors to construction workers and ultimately to airline pilots, who exhibited the lowest levels. CONCLUSION: Airline pilots' gut microbiota was characterized by a lower abundance of health-promoting bacterial species, including spp., , and . Future research is essential to determine whether targeted interventions, such as probiotic and prebiotic supplementation, could potentially enhance gut microbiota composition and overall health in particular occupational groups.
引言：“工作生物群系”一词已被用于描述职业暴露和工作类型对人类微生物群组成的影响。航空公司飞行员、建筑工人和健身教练涵盖了三个不同的职业群体，每个群体都有独特的工作环境和生活方式因素，这些因素可能会显著影响他们肠道的“工作生物群系”。 目的：本次初步调查旨在比较航空公司飞行员、建筑工人和健身教练中特定肠道微生物的相对丰度，以揭示任何显著差异。通过仔细研究这些不同的职业群体，我们的目标是加深对职业因素如何影响肠道微生物群的理解，同时确定对职业医学的潜在影响。 方法：在定期门诊职业健康咨询期间，选取了一个便利样本，其中包括60名男性，他们代表三个不同的职业领域——航空公司飞行员、建筑工人和健身教练（每组20人）。使用定量SYBR Green定量实时聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）对粪便样本中选定的肠道微生物群成分（包括 、 、 、 、 属、 属和 属）的丰度进行定量。 结果：在 、 、 属和 属方面，各群体之间没有显著差异。然而，与航空公司飞行员和建筑工人相比，健身教练微生物群中的 属和 显著更为丰富，后两组之间未观察到显著差异。值得注意的是， 属的丰度从健身教练到建筑工人再到航空公司飞行员呈逐渐下降趋势，航空公司飞行员的 属丰度最低。 结论：航空公司飞行员的肠道微生物群特点是促进健康的细菌种类（包括 属、 和 ）丰度较低。未来的研究对于确定有针对性的干预措施（如补充益生菌和益生元）是否有可能改善特定职业群体的肠道微生物群组成和整体健康至关重要。
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