González-Mohíno Fernando, Rodrigo-Carranza Victor, Rodríguez-Barbero Sergio, Turner Anthony, González-Ravé José María
Sports Training Laboratory, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain.
Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Naturaleza, Universidad Nebrija, Madrid, España.
Biol Sport. 2023 Jul;40(3):761-766. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2023.119989. Epub 2022 Nov 16.
The aim of this study was to analyze the acute effects of high vs low-intensity cycling efforts, combined with plyometrics, on vertical jump performance. Twenty-four physically active men (mean ± SD: 23 ± 2 years, 72.1 ± 10.1 kg, 1.73 ± 0.07 m) were randomly divided into two groups: experimental group (EXP, n = 16) and control group (CON, n = 8). EXP competed 2 experimental trials in a random order: (a) short high-intensity interval exercise (HI + Plyo) [5 × 10 s of cycling ("all-out")/50 s active rest] or (b) low-intensity continuous exercise (LO + Plyo) [5 min of cycling at 75% of the HR)], along with 3 × 10 plyometric bounds (drop jumps)/1 min rest between sets. CON used a preconditioning activity of 13 min of low intensity cycling at ~60% of HR. Both EXP interventions significantly increased (p ≤ 0.05) the countermovement jump (CMJ) height at 1 min, 3 min, 6 min and 9 min compared to baseline, while the CON remained unchanged. There were no significant differences in CMJ performance enhancement between HI + Plyo (largest 11.2% at 9 min) and LO + Plyo (largest 15.0% at 3 min) at any time-point, suggesting that the plyometric component may be most important, with HR recovery taking slightly longer following HI + Plyo. The findings suggest that CMJ performance can be enhanced following high or low-intensity cycling combined with plyometric preconditioning activities in active males, the optimum recovery period likely to be individual-specific.
本研究旨在分析高强度与低强度骑行训练结合增强式训练对垂直跳跃性能的急性影响。24名身体活跃的男性（平均±标准差：23±2岁，72.1±10.1千克，1.73±0.07米）被随机分为两组：实验组（EXP，n = 16）和对照组（CON，n = 8）。实验组以随机顺序进行2次实验性试验：（a）短时间高强度间歇运动（HI + Plyo）[5×10秒骑行（“全力”）/50秒主动休息]或（b）低强度持续运动（LO + Plyo）[以心率的75%进行5分钟骑行]，同时进行3×10次增强式跳跃（跳深）/每组之间休息1分钟。对照组进行13分钟的低强度骑行预适应活动，强度约为心率的60%。与基线相比，实验组的两种干预措施均显著提高了（p≤0.05）1分钟、3分钟、6分钟和9分钟时的反向运动跳跃（CMJ）高度，而对照组保持不变。在任何时间点上，HI + Plyo（9分钟时最大增幅为11.2%）和LO + Plyo（3分钟时最大增幅为15.0%）之间的CMJ性能增强没有显著差异，这表明增强式训练部分可能最为重要，HI + Plyo后的心率恢复时间略长。研究结果表明，在活跃男性中，高强度或低强度骑行结合增强式预适应活动后，CMJ性能可以得到提高，最佳恢复期可能因个体而异。
