Casey C E, Neifert M R, Seacat J M, Neville M C
Am J Dis Child. 1986 Sep;140(9):933-6. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1986.02140230103044.
The intakes of milk and specific nutrients during the first 120 hours after birth were measured in 11 full-term, breast-fed infants. Infants were test weighed at all feeds using an electronic balance, and milk samples were obtained from both breasts one to three times daily. Milk was analyzed for levels of fat, protein, lactose, calcium, sodium, and potassium; energy content was calculated using the Atwater factors. The average (+/- SD) intake of milk in the first 24 hours after birth was 13 +/- 16 g/kg (range, 3 to 32 g/kg), increasing to 98 +/- 47 g/kg (50 to 163 g/kg) and 155 +/- 29 g/kg (110 to 196 g/kg) on days 3 and 5, respectively. Mean daily intakes of energy, lactose, calcium, and potassium were less than 12% of the mean day 5 intake on day 1 and less than 25% of the day 5 intake on day 2. In the first few days after birth, the nutrient intake of the solely breast-fed infant is highly variable and is frequently low.
对11名足月母乳喂养的婴儿在出生后120小时内的牛奶及特定营养素摄入量进行了测量。每次喂奶时使用电子天平对婴儿进行称重，并每天从双侧乳房采集1至3次乳汁样本。对乳汁进行脂肪、蛋白质、乳糖、钙、钠和钾含量分析；能量含量使用阿特沃特系数计算。出生后24小时内牛奶的平均（±标准差）摄入量为13±16克/千克（范围为3至32克/千克），在第3天和第5天分别增至98±47克/千克（50至163克/千克）和155±29克/千克（110至196克/千克）。出生第1天能量、乳糖、钙和钾的日均摄入量低于第5天平均摄入量的12%，出生第2天低于第5天摄入量的25%。在出生后的头几天，纯母乳喂养婴儿的营养素摄入量变化很大，且常常较低。
