Silverstein M, Maizlish N, Park R, Silverstein B, Brodsky L, Mirer F
Am J Ind Med. 1986;10(1):27-43. doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700100105.
Mortality analyses were carried out for 278 male hourly workers who were employed for at least 10 years at a gray iron foundry and who died between January 1, 1970 and December 31, 1981. Statistically significant excess proportional mortality due to non-malignant respiratory disease (SPMR = 177), lung cancer (SPMR = 148), and leukemia (SPMR = 284) was found among the 221 white males. Among nonwhite males there was a significant excess in proportional mortality due to circulatory diseases (SPMR = 143). White males in the Finishing classification experienced a significant excess of proportional mortality due to nonmalignant respiratory disease (SPMR = 279) and lung cancer (SPMR = 179). White males in the Core Room classification experienced an excess of proportional mortality due to nonmalignant respiratory disease (SPMR = 321). Case-control studies demonstrated a significant association between nonmalignant respiratory disease and the Finishing classification after controlling for the effects of age, prior occupations in coal mining or foundries, and smoking. A positive but nonsignificant association between lung cancer and Finishing was also found after controlling for age, prior work history, and smoking in case control studies.
对278名男性小时工进行了死亡率分析，这些工人在一家灰铁铸造厂工作至少10年，且于1970年1月1日至1981年12月31日期间死亡。在221名白人男性中，发现非恶性呼吸道疾病（标准化比例死亡率=177）、肺癌（标准化比例死亡率=148）和白血病（标准化比例死亡率=284）导致的统计学显著的超额比例死亡率。在非白人男性中，循环系统疾病导致的比例死亡率显著超额（标准化比例死亡率=143）。精加工分类中的白人男性因非恶性呼吸道疾病（标准化比例死亡率=279）和肺癌（标准化比例死亡率=179）出现显著的超额比例死亡率。型芯车间分类中的白人男性因非恶性呼吸道疾病出现超额比例死亡率（标准化比例死亡率=321）。病例对照研究表明，在控制了年龄、以前在煤矿或铸造厂的职业以及吸烟的影响后，非恶性呼吸道疾病与精加工分类之间存在显著关联。在病例对照研究中，在控制了年龄、以前的工作经历和吸烟后，也发现肺癌与精加工之间存在正向但不显著的关联。
