Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Clinic Institute of Ophthalmology, Clinic Hospital of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 4;13(1):10806. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-37062-8.
Therapeutic approaches for noninfectious uveitis have expanded greatly over the past 10 years, but are limited by potential side effects and limited efficacy. Thus, therapeutic approaches that include less toxic, potentially preventative strategies to manage noninfectious uveitis are essential areas of study. Diets rich in fermentable fiber are potentially preventative in various conditions such as metabolic syndrome and type 1 diabetes. We studied the effects of various fermentable dietary fibers in an inducible model of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) and found that they differentially modulated uveitis severity. A high pectin diet was the most protective, reducing clinical disease severity through the induction of regulatory T lymphocytes and the suppression of Th1 and Th17 lymphocytes at peak ocular inflammation in either intestinal or extra-intestinal lymphoid tissues. The high pectin diet also promoted intestinal homeostasis as shown by changes in intestinal morphology and gene expression, as well as intestinal permeability. Pectin-induced modulation of intestinal bacteria appeared to be associated with protective changes in immunophenotype in the intestinal tract, and correlated with reduced uveitis severity. In summary, our current findings support the potential for dietary intervention as a strategy to mitigate noninfectious uveitis severity.
在过去的 10 年中，非传染性葡萄膜炎的治疗方法有了很大的发展，但受到潜在副作用和疗效有限的限制。因此，研究包括毒性较小、具有潜在预防作用的策略来治疗非传染性葡萄膜炎是至关重要的研究领域。富含可发酵纤维的饮食在代谢综合征和 1 型糖尿病等各种疾病中具有潜在的预防作用。我们在实验性自身免疫性葡萄膜炎（EAU）的诱导模型中研究了各种可发酵膳食纤维的作用，发现它们可通过诱导调节性 T 淋巴细胞和抑制眼部炎症高峰期的 Th1 和 Th17 淋巴细胞来差异调节葡萄膜炎的严重程度。高果胶饮食的保护作用最强，通过改变肠道形态和基因表达以及肠道通透性来减少肠道或肠道外淋巴组织中的临床疾病严重程度。果胶诱导的肠道细菌调节似乎与肠道免疫表型的保护性变化有关，并与葡萄膜炎严重程度降低相关。总之，我们目前的研究结果支持饮食干预作为减轻非传染性葡萄膜炎严重程度的一种策略的潜力。
