School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China.
Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, People's Republic of China.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2023 Jul 4;21(1):207. doi: 10.1186/s12951-023-01966-4.
In recent years, cancer immunotherapy has emerged as an exciting cancer treatment. Immune checkpoint blockade brings new opportunities for more researchers and clinicians. Programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) is a widely studied immune checkpoint, and PD-1 blockade therapy has shown promising results in a variety of tumors, including melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer and renal cell carcinoma, which greatly improves patient overall survival and becomes a promising tool for the eradication of metastatic or inoperable tumors. However, low responsiveness and immune-related adverse effects currently limit its clinical application. Overcoming these difficulties is a major challenge to improve PD-1 blockade therapies. Nanomaterials have unique properties that enable targeted drug delivery, combination therapy through multidrug co-delivery strategies, and controlled drug release through sensitive bonds construction. In recent years, combining nanomaterials with PD-1 blockade therapy to construct novel single-drug-based or combination therapy-based nano-delivery systems has become an effective mean to address the limitations of PD-1 blockade therapy. In this study, the application of nanomaterial carriers in individual delivery of PD-1 inhibitors, combined delivery of PD-1 inhibitors and other immunomodulators, chemotherapeutic drugs, photothermal reagents were reviewed, which provides effective references for designing new PD-1 blockade therapeutic strategies.
近年来，癌症免疫疗法作为一种令人兴奋的癌症治疗方法而崭露头角。免疫检查点阻断为更多的研究人员和临床医生带来了新的机会。程序性死亡受体-1（PD-1）是一种广泛研究的免疫检查点，PD-1 阻断疗法在多种肿瘤中显示出了有前途的结果，包括黑色素瘤、非小细胞肺癌和肾细胞癌，这极大地提高了患者的总生存率，并成为消除转移性或不可手术肿瘤的有前途的工具。然而，低反应率和免疫相关的不良反应目前限制了其临床应用。克服这些困难是提高 PD-1 阻断疗法的主要挑战。纳米材料具有独特的性质，能够实现靶向药物递送、通过多药物共递药策略进行联合治疗，并通过敏感键构建实现药物控制释放。近年来，将纳米材料与 PD-1 阻断疗法相结合，构建新型的单一药物或联合治疗的纳米递药系统，已成为解决 PD-1 阻断疗法局限性的有效手段。本研究综述了纳米材料载体在 PD-1 抑制剂的单一药物传递、PD-1 抑制剂与其他免疫调节剂、化疗药物、光热试剂的联合传递中的应用，为设计新的 PD-1 阻断治疗策略提供了有效的参考。
