Garbade Maike, Eglinsky Jenny, Kindler Heinz, Rosner Rita, Sachser Cedric, Pfeiffer Elisa
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
German Youth Institute, Munich, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2023 Jun 19;14:1149437. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1149437. eCollection 2023.
Different acculturation strategies might be related to different mental health outcomes and social participation of unaccompanied refugee minors (URMs), but little is known about which factors influence this acculturation process. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to examine the impact of individual, stress-related, and contextual factors on the acculturation process of URMs in Germany.
A sample of = 132 URMs living in child and youth welfare service facilities in Germany completed questionnaires about their acculturation orientation, traumatic experiences, daily stressors, asylum stress, and perceived social support between June 2020 and October 2021. This investigation is part of the multi-center randomized control trial BETTER CARE. Data were analyzed descriptively and via multiple hierarchical regression.
Integration (43.5%) and Assimilation (37.1%) were the most common acculturation strategies used by URMs. Multiple hierarchical regression models showed that daily stressors (e.g., the lack of money) were associated with a stronger orientation toward the home country, whereas traumatic events were associated with a weaker orientation toward their home country. No significant predictors were found for the orientation toward the host country.
Overall, URMs in Germany showed favorable acculturation strategies. Nevertheless, daily stressors and traumatic experiences might influence this process. The implications for practitioners and policymakers are discussed with a view to further improving the acculturation process of URMs in Germany. German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00017453 https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00017453. Registered on December 11, 2019.
不同的文化适应策略可能与举目无亲的难民未成年人（URMs）的不同心理健康结果和社会参与度相关，但对于哪些因素影响这一文化适应过程却知之甚少。因此，本调查的目的是研究个体、压力相关和背景因素对德国URMs文化适应过程的影响。
2020年6月至2021年10月期间，对居住在德国儿童和青少年福利服务机构的132名URMs进行抽样，他们完成了关于文化适应取向、创伤经历、日常压力源、庇护压力和感知到的社会支持的问卷调查。本调查是多中心随机对照试验“更好的照顾”的一部分。数据进行了描述性分析和多元层次回归分析。
融合（43.5%）和同化（37.1%）是URMs最常用的文化适应策略。多元层次回归模型显示，日常压力源（如缺钱）与更强烈的对祖国的取向相关，而创伤事件与对祖国的较弱取向相关。未发现对东道国取向的显著预测因素。
总体而言，德国的URMs表现出良好的文化适应策略。然而，日常压力源和创伤经历可能会影响这一过程。从进一步改善德国URMs文化适应过程的角度讨论了对从业者和政策制定者的启示。德国临床试验注册中心，DRKS00017453 https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00017453。于2019年1月11日注册。
