Choy B, Arunachalam K, S Gupta, Taylor M, Lee A
University of Sheffield Medical School, United Kingdom.
School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Public Health Pract (Oxf). 2020 Dec 21;2:100069. doi: 10.1016/j.puhip.2020.100069. eCollection 2021 Nov.
This study aims to examine the correlation between the different types of migrant acculturation strategies according to Berry's model of acculturation (integration, assimilation, separation, and marginalisation) and their effects on mental health conditions, such as depression, anxiety and PTSD.
Systematic Review.
Three databases (PubMed, Ovid and Ebsco) were searched using different combinations of search terms to identify relevant articles to be included. The search terms were pre-identified using relevant synonyms for "migrants", "mental health" and "integration". The list of article titles from these searches were then filtered using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The mental health consequences included a range of common conditions including suicide/self-harm, depressive disorders, psychosis, as well as substance misuse.
21 primary studies were included in the review, which assessed 61,885 migrants in total (Fig. 1 and Supplemental File 1). Of these, seven were cohort studies and fourteen were cross-sectional studies.Most studies showed that marginalisation was associated with worse depression symptoms, compared to integration, assimilation and separation, while integration was associated with the least depressive symptoms.Marginalisation more than triples the likelihood of anxiety-related symptoms compared to integration. Similarly, separation increased the likelihood of anxiety-related symptoms nearly six-fold.
Our review found out that marginalisation had the worst effects on mental health of the migrant populations while integration had the most positive effects. The study also identified three key sources which may contribute to acculturation stress and worse mental health: low education or skill set, proficiency of the host country's language, and financial hardships.
本研究旨在探讨根据贝里文化适应模型（整合、同化、分离和边缘化）划分的不同类型移民文化适应策略之间的相关性，以及它们对心理健康状况（如抑郁、焦虑和创伤后应激障碍）的影响。
系统评价。
使用不同的搜索词组合在三个数据库（PubMed、Ovid和Ebsco）中进行检索，以识别纳入的相关文章。使用“移民”“心理健康”和“整合”的相关同义词预先确定搜索词。然后根据预先定义的纳入和排除标准对这些搜索得到的文章标题列表进行筛选。心理健康后果包括一系列常见情况，包括自杀/自伤、抑郁症、精神病以及药物滥用。
该评价纳入了21项主要研究，共评估了61885名移民（图1和补充文件1）。其中，7项为队列研究，14项为横断面研究。大多数研究表明，与整合、同化和分离相比，边缘化与更严重的抑郁症状相关，而整合与最少的抑郁症状相关。与整合相比，边缘化使焦虑相关症状的可能性增加两倍多。同样，分离使焦虑相关症状的可能性增加近六倍。
我们的评价发现，边缘化对移民群体的心理健康影响最差，而整合的影响最为积极。该研究还确定了可能导致文化适应压力和更差心理健康的三个关键因素：低教育水平或技能、东道国语言熟练程度以及经济困难。
