Izadi Reyhane, Bahrami Mohammad Amin, Sarikhani Yaser, Bastani Peivand
Department of Health Care Management, School of Management and Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Health Human Resources Research Center, Department of Health Service Management and Health Economics, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, India.
Heliyon. 2023 Jun 21;9(6):e17377. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17377. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Population-related policies are among macro-strategic policies considered by all governments in the world. To achieve the desired population structure, it is first necessary to identify the general policy approach over time. This article aims to identify the main requirements of population policies during the last 70 years in Iran. This is a qualitative content analysis study conducted via the analysis of all relevant national policy documents from 1951 to 2022. To retrieve the relevant documents, we searched the official website of eight policymaking bodies in Iran. After identifying the documents, their eligibility was evaluated using Scott's method, and as a result, 40 documents were selected for analysis. Finally, we used a qualitative content analysis to synthesize the data using MAXQDA version 10. The findings showed that the political requirements for population reduction can be classified into four main themes of "Religious, scientific, and legal infrastructure", "Changes in the rules", "Institution building, programming and division of tasks", and "Information and service provision", with 11 sub-themes. Furthermore, the political requirements for an increasing population can be divided into six main themes of "Education & acculturation", "Legal dos, and don'ts", "Financial and non-financial support for families", "Structural and information infrastructure", "Health services", and "Stewardship", with 30 sub-themes. In this study, by an all-round look, and the analysis of policies of the last 70 years of Iran, it was determined how the population policies originate from the political-cultural background of society, and provide the ground for the changes in the cultural-social, political, and economic structures and as a result demographic change. In other words, the main requirements to formulate the population increase and decrease policies in Iran as a country with golden experiences to implement the population policies were shown; which can be helpful as a guide to formulate the population policies in Iran and provide a model for successful policy making in the countries with a similar background to Iran.
人口相关政策是世界各国政府都在考虑的宏观战略政策之一。为实现理想的人口结构，首先有必要确定长期的总体政策方针。本文旨在确定伊朗过去70年人口政策的主要要求。这是一项定性内容分析研究，通过分析1951年至2022年所有相关的国家政策文件进行。为检索相关文件，我们搜索了伊朗八个决策机构的官方网站。确定文件后，使用斯科特方法评估其适用性，最终选择了40份文件进行分析。最后，我们使用定性内容分析，通过MAXQDA 10版本对数据进行综合。研究结果表明，减少人口的政策要求可分为“宗教、科学和法律基础”、“规则变化”、“机构建设、规划和任务划分”以及“信息和服务提供”四个主要主题，包含11个子主题。此外，增加人口的政策要求可分为“教育与文化适应”、“法律规定”、“对家庭的财政和非财政支持”、“结构和信息基础设施”、“卫生服务”以及“管理”六个主要主题，包含30个子主题。在本研究中，通过全面审视和分析伊朗过去70年的政策，确定了人口政策如何源自社会的政治文化背景，并为文化社会、政治和经济结构的变化以及人口变化提供了基础。换句话说，展示了伊朗作为一个有丰富人口政策实施经验的国家，制定人口增减政策的主要要求；这有助于为伊朗制定人口政策提供指导，并为与伊朗背景相似的国家提供成功政策制定的模式。
