Fang Qiongyan, Wu Yingting, Lu Jie, Zheng Huaiyu
Department of Pharmacy, Zhoushan Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China.
Core Facilities Center of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Front Nutr. 2023 Jun 20;10:1188958. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1188958. eCollection 2023.
No previous meta-analysis had explored the association between vitamin D supplementation in healthy pediatrics and the risk of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs). Thus, we meta-analyzed the current evidence in this regard to provide sufficient knowledge about this risk-benefit ratio for vitamin D supplementation in this specific age group. We searched seven databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effect of vitamin D supplementation and ARTIs risk on a healthy pediatric population (0-18 years old). Meta-analysis was performed through R software. We included eight RCTs after the screening of 326 records according to our eligibility criteria. There were comparable infection rates between Vitamin D and placebo groups (OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.90-1.08, -value = 0.62), with no significant heterogeneity among the included studies ( = 32%; value = 0.22). Moreover, there was no significant difference between the two vitamin D regimens (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.64-1.12, -value = 0.32), with no considerable heterogeneity among the included studies ( = 37%; -value = 0.21). However, there was a significant reduction in Influenza A rates in the high-dose vitamin D group compared to the low dose one (OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.26-0.59, value < 0.001), with no heterogeneity among the included studies ( = 0%; -value = 0.72). Only two studies of 8,972 patients reported different side effects, with overall acceptable safety profile. Regardless of the dosing regimen used or the type of infection, in the healthy pediatric group, there is no evident benefit of using vitamin D to prevent or reduce the ARTI rates.
此前尚无荟萃分析探讨过健康儿童补充维生素D与急性呼吸道感染（ARTIs）风险之间的关联。因此，我们对这方面的现有证据进行了荟萃分析，以便为这一特定年龄组补充维生素D的风险效益比提供充分的认识。我们在七个数据库中检索了关于维生素D补充剂对健康儿童人群（0至18岁）影响及ARTIs风险的随机对照试验（RCTs）。通过R软件进行荟萃分析。根据我们的纳入标准对326条记录进行筛选后，我们纳入了八项RCTs。维生素D组和安慰剂组的感染率相当（OR = 0.98，95%CI = 0.90 - 1.08，P值 = 0.62），纳入研究之间无显著异质性（I² = 32%；P值 = 0.22）。此外，两种维生素D方案之间无显著差异（OR = 0.85，95%CI = 0.64 - 1.12，P值 = 0.32），纳入研究之间无明显异质性（I² = 37%；P值 = 0.21）。然而，与低剂量组相比，高剂量维生素D组的甲型流感发病率显著降低（OR = 0.39，95%CI = 0.26 - 0.59，P值 < 0.001），纳入研究之间无异质性（I² = 0%；P值 = 0.72）。在8972例患者中，只有两项研究报告了不同的副作用，总体安全性可接受。无论使用何种给药方案或感染类型，在健康儿童组中，使用维生素D预防或降低ARTIs发病率并无明显益处。
