Liopa Margarita, Geitona Mary, Latsou Dimitra
Department of Social and Educational Policy, University of Peloponnese, Corinth, GRC.
Department of Public Administration, University of Neapolis, Pafos, CYP.
Cureus. 2023 Jun 4;15(6):e39946. doi: 10.7759/cureus.39946. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is an evolving business strategy worldwide, focusing on the sustainability of the enterprise and the provision of multiple benefits to the societies and economies.
The aim of this paper was to explore the encouraging and deterrent factors for the implementation of CSR actions in companies specializing in pharmaceutical and biomedical products as well as in medical equipment in Greece.
A cross-sectional study was conducted (April to June 2021) in member-companies of the Hellenic Association of Pharmaceutical Companies, the Panhellenic Association of Pharmaceutical Industry and the Association of Health-Research and Biotechnology Industry. Data collection was carried out via an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed, using SPSS version 25 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). The significance level was set at p≤0.05.
One hundred twelve questionnaires were distributed, out of which 87 were returned (response rate 77.7%). 81.1% of companies included CSR in their annual strategy, while only 32.4% of them follow the Global Reporting Initiative standards. The majority (62.2%) disposes ≤€100.000 from their annual turnover for CSR actions. The contribution to society and the ethical commitment of the enterprise are stated as the main encouraging factors for CSR, while bureaucracy and the lack of incentives as deterrents. Pharmaceutical companies reported social acceptance as the major CSR enabler compared to other companies (p=0.034), while companies specializing only in medical equipment/biotechnology mentioned industry competition (p=0.003). Bureaucracy has been revealed as the major disincentive for all participating companies. Corporate advertising is found as an important encouraging factor for the adoption of CSR for the international companies compared to the national ones (p=0.023). Moreover, 97.3% stated that the government should reward socially responsible companies by increasing financial incentives. Conclusion: The health technology industry in Greece implements CSR actions. The company's contribution to society and its ethical commitment are important encouraging factors for CSR, while bureaucracy and lack of government incentives are the main deterrents. The reward of socially sensitive companies by the government would provide significant entrepreneurial and societal benefits, supporting the overall Greek economy.
企业社会责任（CSR）是全球范围内一项不断发展的商业战略，专注于企业的可持续发展以及为社会和经济带来多重效益。
本文旨在探讨希腊制药和生物医学产品以及医疗设备专业公司实施企业社会责任行动的激励因素和阻碍因素。
于2021年4月至6月对希腊制药公司协会、泛希腊制药工业协会以及健康研究与生物技术工业协会的成员公司开展了一项横断面研究。通过匿名的自填式问卷进行数据收集。使用SPSS 25版（美国纽约州阿蒙克市IBM公司）进行描述性和推断性统计分析。显著性水平设定为p≤0.05。
共发放112份问卷，其中87份被收回（回复率77.7%）。81.1%的公司在其年度战略中纳入了企业社会责任，而其中只有32.4%的公司遵循全球报告倡议标准。大多数公司（62.2%）从其年营业额中拨出≤100,000欧元用于企业社会责任行动。对社会的贡献和企业的道德承诺被视为企业社会责任的主要激励因素，而官僚作风和缺乏激励措施则被视为阻碍因素。与其他公司相比，制药公司将社会认可视为企业社会责任的主要推动因素（p = 0.034），而仅专注于医疗设备/生物技术的公司提到了行业竞争（p = 0.003）。官僚作风已被揭示为所有参与公司的主要抑制因素。与国内公司相比，企业广告被发现是国际公司采用企业社会责任的一个重要激励因素（p = 0.023）。此外，97.3%的公司表示政府应通过增加财政激励措施来奖励对社会负责的公司。结论：希腊的健康技术行业实施企业社会责任行动。公司对社会的贡献及其道德承诺是企业社会责任的重要激励因素，而官僚作风和政府缺乏激励措施是主要阻碍因素。政府对具有社会敏感性的公司给予奖励将带来重大的企业和社会效益，支持希腊整体经济。
