State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affilited Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2024 Jan;13(1):e2301326. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202301326. Epub 2023 Jul 14.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an alternative cancer treatment technique with a noninvasive nature, high selectivity, and minimal adverse effects. The indispensable light source used in PDT is a critical factor in determining the energy conversion of photosensitizers (PSs). Traditional light sources are primarily concentrated in the visible light region, severely limiting their penetration depth and making them prone to scattering and absorption when applied to biological tissues. For that reason, its efficacy in treating deep-seated lesions is often inadequate. Self-exciting PDT, also known as auto-PDT (APDT), is an attractive option for circumventing the limited penetration depth of traditional PDT and has acquired significant attention. APDT employs depth-independent internal light sources to excite PSs through resonance or radiative energy transfer. APDT has considerable potential for treating deep-tissue malignancies. To facilitate many researchers' comprehension of the latest research progress in this field and inspire the emergence of more novel research results. This review introduces internal light generation mechanisms and characteristics and provides an overview of current research progress based on the recently reported APDT nanoplatforms. The current challenges and possible solutions of APDT nanoplatforms are also presented and provide insights for future research in the final section of this article.
光动力疗法（PDT）是一种具有非侵入性、高选择性和最小副作用的癌症治疗技术。PDT 中不可或缺的光源是决定光敏剂（PS）能量转换的关键因素。传统光源主要集中在可见光区域，严重限制了其穿透深度，并且在应用于生物组织时容易发生散射和吸收。因此，其治疗深部病变的效果往往不理想。自激发光动力疗法（APDT）作为一种克服传统 PDT 穿透深度限制的有吸引力的选择，已经引起了广泛的关注。APDT 利用深度无关的内部光源通过共振或辐射能量转移来激发 PS。APDT 在治疗深部组织恶性肿瘤方面具有很大的潜力。为了方便许多研究人员了解该领域的最新研究进展，并激发更多新颖的研究成果的出现。本综述介绍了内部光产生机制和特性，并基于最近报道的 APDT 纳米平台概述了当前的研究进展。在文章的最后一节还介绍了 APDT 纳米平台目前面临的挑战和可能的解决方案，为未来的研究提供了思路。
