睡眠在父母报告的青少年屏幕媒体活动与行为健康的前瞻性关联中的作用。
The role of sleep in prospective associations between parent reported youth screen media activity and behavioral health.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Bradley/Hasbro Children's Research Center, E.P. Bradley Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
出版信息
Child Adolesc Ment Health. 2024 Feb;29(1):33-42. doi: 10.1111/camh.12665. Epub 2023 Jul 10.
BACKGROUND
Screen media activity (SMA) can negatively affect youth behavioral health. Sleep may mediate this association but has not been previously explored. We examined whether sleep mediated the association between SMA and youth behavioral health among a community sample.
METHOD
Parents completed questions about their child (N = 564) ages 3-17 at Wave 1, Wave 2 (4-8 months later), and Wave 3 (12 months later). Path analyses were conducted to examine links between Wave 1 SMA and Wave 3 behavioral health problems (i.e., internalizing, externalizing, attention, peer problems) through Wave 2 sleep disturbance and duration.
RESULTS
SMA was significantly associated with greater sleep disturbance, β = .11, 95% CI [.01, .21] and shorter sleep duration, β = -.16 [-.25, -.06], and greater sleep disturbance was associated with worse youth behavioral health across internalizing, β = .14 [.04, .24], externalizing, B = .23 [.12, .33], attention, β = .24 [.15, .34], and peer problems, β = .25 [.15, .35]. Longer sleep duration was associated with more externalizing, β = .13 [.04, .21], and attention problems, β = .12 [.02, .22], and fewer peer problems, β = -.09 [-.17, -.01], but not with internalizing problems. Lastly, there was a direct effect of SMA on peer problems, β = -.15 [-.23, -.06] such that higher SMA that does not impact sleep may have a positive impact on reducing peer problems.
CONCLUSIONS
Sleep (i.e., disturbances and shorter duration) may partially account for the small associations observed between SMA and worse behavioral health in youth. To continue expanding our understanding, future research should utilize more diverse representative samples, use objective measures of SMA and sleep, and examine other relevant aspects of SMA, including content, device type, and timing of use.
背景
屏幕媒体活动（SMA）会对青少年的行为健康产生负面影响。睡眠可能会影响这种关联，但尚未得到先前的探索。我们研究了在社区样本中，SMA 与青少年行为健康之间的关联是否通过睡眠而发生变化。
方法
家长在第一波（N=564）、第二波（4-8 个月后）和第三波（12 个月后）时完成了有关其 3-17 岁孩子的问题。通过路径分析来检验第一波 SMA 与第三波行为健康问题（即内化问题、外化问题、注意力问题、同伴问题）之间的联系，这些问题通过第二波睡眠障碍和持续时间来实现。
结果
SMA 与更大的睡眠障碍显著相关，β=0.11（95%CI[0.01,0.21]）和更短的睡眠持续时间，β=-0.16（-0.25，-0.06），更大的睡眠障碍与更差的青少年行为健康相关，β=0.14（0.04，0.24），外化问题，β=0.23（0.12，0.33），注意力问题，β=0.24（0.15，0.34），同伴问题，β=0.25（0.15，0.35）。更长的睡眠持续时间与更多的外化问题，β=0.13（0.04，0.21）和注意力问题，β=0.12（0.02，0.22）和更少的同伴问题，β=-0.09（-0.17，-0.01），但与内化问题无关。最后，SMA 对同伴问题有直接影响，β=-0.15（-0.23，-0.06），因此，不会影响睡眠的更高 SMA 可能对减少同伴问题有积极影响。
结论
睡眠（即，障碍和较短的持续时间）可能部分解释了 SMA 与青少年更差行为健康之间观察到的小关联。为了继续扩大我们的理解，未来的研究应该利用更具代表性的多样化样本，使用 SMA 和睡眠的客观测量，并研究 SMA 的其他相关方面，包括内容、设备类型和使用时间。
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