Department of Paediatrics, The Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
Ausnutria B.V., 8021 Zwolle, The Netherlands.
Nutrients. 2023 Apr 27;15(9):2110. doi: 10.3390/nu15092110.
Goat-milk-based infant formulas (GMFs) are now available in several countries, having been approved by authorities. We systematically evaluated the effects of GMF compared with cow-milk-based formula (CMF) on infant growth and safety parameters. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched (December 2022) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The risk of bias was assessed using the Revised Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool (ROB-2). Heterogeneity was quantified by . Four RCTs involving a total of 670 infants were identified. All trials revealed some concern in ROB-2. Furthermore, all of the included studies were funded by the industry. Compared with infants fed CMF, those fed GMF showed similar growth in sex- and age-adjusted -scores for weight (mean difference, MD, 0.21 [95% confidence interval, CI, -0.16 to 0.58], = 56%), length (MD 0.02, [95% CI -0.29 to 0.33], = 24%), and head circumference (MD 0.12, 95% [CI -0.19 to 0.43], = 2%). Stool frequency was similar among the groups. Due to differences in the reporting of stool consistency, no firm conclusion can be drawn. Adverse effects (serious or any) were similar in both groups. These findings provide reassurance that GMFs compared with CMFs are safe and well tolerated.
羊乳基婴儿配方奶粉（GMF）现已在多个国家获得批准。我们系统地评估了 GMF 与牛乳基配方奶粉（CMF）相比对婴儿生长和安全参数的影响。检索了 MEDLINE、EMBASE 和 Cochrane Library 数据库（2022 年 12 月）中的随机对照试验（RCT）。使用修订后的 Cochrane 偏倚风险工具（ROB-2）评估偏倚风险。使用. 来量化异质性。确定了四项共涉及 670 名婴儿的 RCT。所有试验在 ROB-2 中均存在一些问题。此外，所有纳入的研究均由行业资助。与喂养 CMF 的婴儿相比，喂养 GMF 的婴儿在性别和年龄调整后的体重评分（体重差异，MD，0.21 [95%置信区间，CI，-0.16 至 0.58]， = 56%）、身长（MD 0.02 [95% CI -0.29 至 0.33]， = 24%）和头围（MD 0.12，95% [CI -0.19 至 0.43]， = 2%）方面的生长相似。两组的粪便频率相似。由于粪便稠度的报告存在差异，因此无法得出明确的结论。两组的不良影响（严重或任何）相似。这些发现表明 GMF 与 CMF 相比是安全且耐受良好的。
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