Planning of Landscape and Urban Systems PLUS, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
Chair of Cartography, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 12;13(1):11248. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-38338-9.
Homogeneous settlement morphologies negatively impact urban vibrancy, the environment, and emotions. Mainly resulting from the separation of functions such as work and living, homogeneous settlements have often been found around large cities. However, it remains unknown whether this phenomenon occurs in settlements of any size and persisted over time. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the internal structures of settlements and their location within a settlement network at a large spatial scale and a fine resolution, over seven time steps covering 120 years of settlement development. Using building footprints and road geometries from historical maps of the Swiss Plateau in combination with historical travel speeds, we analyzed networks at both the local- (building networks) and the regional-scale (settlement networks). Our findings show that particularly small settlements located near larger settlements exhibit a high degree of morphological homogeneity, and that this pattern persisted since the early twentieth century despite strong changes in mobility. These results suggest that the position of a settlement within a settlement network can have an impact on its morphological homogeneity, which in turn can have consequences for the functionality and livability of the settlement and provides useful insight to the development of settlements.
同质化的聚落形态会对城市活力、环境和情绪产生负面影响。这种现象主要是由于工作和生活等功能的分离造成的，通常在大城市周围发现有同质化的聚落。然而，目前尚不清楚这种现象是否在任何规模的聚落中存在，以及是否随着时间的推移而持续存在。在这项研究中，我们在大的空间尺度和精细的分辨率下，通过七个时间步长（涵盖 120 年的聚落发展过程），调查了聚落内部结构与其在聚落网络中的位置之间的关系。我们使用瑞士高原历史地图上的建筑轮廓和道路几何形状，以及历史旅行速度，分析了局部尺度（建筑网络）和区域尺度（聚落网络）的网络。研究结果表明，位于较大聚落附近的小型聚落形态同质化程度特别高，尽管流动性发生了巨大变化，但这种模式自 20 世纪初以来一直存在。这些结果表明，聚落在聚落网络中的位置会对其形态同质化产生影响，而这反过来又会对聚落的功能和宜居性产生影响，为聚落的发展提供了有用的见解。
