Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Princess Anne Hospital, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2024 Nov;78(11):970-978. doi: 10.1038/s41430-023-01296-6. Epub 2023 Jul 12.
We examined associations between fat free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) accretion during the first 1000 days of life and neurodevelopment in term-born, low-risk infants from Karachi, Pakistan.
Prospective, observational study nested within the larger Multi-Center Body Composition Reference Study. FFM, FM, and fat% were estimated using measured deuterium dilution method. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed at 24 months on the INTER-NDA (INTERGROWTH-21st Project Neurodevelopment Assessment) (n = 132).
Children with gross motor delays had significantly lower FFM at 18 months (8.01 ± 0.97 kg vs. 7.55 ± 0.20 kg). Children with positive and negative behavior problems had significantly higher fat% at 24 months (20.62 ± 4.30% vs. 18.23 ± 5.46%) and 20.89 ± 4.24% vs. 18.54 ± 5.38%). No associations remained significant after adjusting for covariates. Trajectory modeling showed that between 12 and 18 months, negative behavior scores changed by 13.8 points for every standard deviation change in fat accretion.
Our findings highlight the importance of balancing neurodevelopment and metabolic risk when designing nutritional interventions for young children.
我们研究了在巴基斯坦卡拉奇出生的低危足月婴儿生命最初 1000 天内的去脂体重（FFM）和脂肪量（FM）增长与神经发育之间的关联。
前瞻性观察研究，嵌套于更大的多中心身体成分参考研究中。使用测量的氘稀释法估计 FFM、FM 和脂肪%。在 24 个月时使用 INTER-NDA（INTERGROWTH-21st 项目神经发育评估）（n=132）评估神经发育结果。
有粗大运动发育迟缓的儿童在 18 个月时的 FFM 明显较低（8.01±0.97kg vs. 7.55±0.20kg）。有积极和消极行为问题的儿童在 24 个月时的脂肪%明显较高（20.62±4.30% vs. 18.23±5.46%）和 20.89±4.24% vs. 18.54±5.38%）。在调整协变量后，没有关联仍然具有统计学意义。轨迹建模显示，在 12 至 18 个月之间，脂肪增长每标准偏差变化 13.8 分，消极行为评分就会改变 13.8 分。
我们的研究结果强调了在为幼儿设计营养干预措施时，平衡神经发育和代谢风险的重要性。
