Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Inter-Company Department of Transfusion Medicine (IDTM) of Local Health Unit (LHU) of Lecce, Vito Fazzi Hospital, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Prov.Le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
Ann Hematol. 2023 Oct;102(10):2923-2931. doi: 10.1007/s00277-023-05331-1. Epub 2023 Jul 13.
This is an observational multicentric cross-sectional study aiming at assessing the association between ABO blood groups and SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among the blood donors in Puglia region. Data on ABO and Rh blood groups and demographic characteristics were obtained from Blood Bank Information System. All donors were screened for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies. Comparison of seroprevalence among blood groups and the association between the recorded variables and seroprevalence were evaluated. A total of 35,709 donors from 22 centers were included, with a seroprevalence of 6.8%. The distribution of ABO phenotypes was blood type O (46.8%), A (34.0%), B (14.7%), and AB (4.5%). Among the 2416 donors reactive for SARS-CoV-2 IgG, the prevalent phenotype was blood type O (43.1%), followed by A (37.7%), B (14.2%), and AB (5%). The seroprevalence of phenotype A and AB was 7.5%, followed by B (6.5%) and O (6.2%). According to the adjusted analysis, there was an increase in seroprevalence in groups A and AB, compared to group O, and an increase in males compared to females. A possible effect modification was observed after stratifying for sex (p = 0.0515). A significantly lower prevalence of blood type O was found compared to A and AB, whereas no association was observed between Rh factor and seroprevalence. We hypothesized that the A antigen present in blood type A and AB can play a role in the binding of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 receptors, resulting in an increased risk of infection. Furthermore, natural anti-A/anti-B antibodies produced in group O could block viral adhesion to cells and explain a lower risk of infection.
这是一项观察性的多中心横断面研究，旨在评估 ABO 血型与普利亚地区献血者中 SARS-CoV-2 血清阳性率之间的关联。ABO 和 Rh 血型以及人口统计学特征的数据从血库信息系统获得。所有献血者均进行 SARS-CoV-2 IgG 抗体筛查。比较血型间的血清阳性率以及记录变量与血清阳性率之间的关联。共纳入来自 22 个中心的 35709 名献血者，血清阳性率为 6.8%。ABO 表型分布为血型 O（46.8%）、A（34.0%）、B（14.7%）和 AB（4.5%）。在 2416 名 SARS-CoV-2 IgG 反应性献血者中，最常见的表型为血型 O（43.1%），其次为 A（37.7%）、B（14.2%）和 AB（5%）。表型 A 和 AB 的血清阳性率为 7.5%，其次是 B（6.5%）和 O（6.2%）。根据调整分析，与 O 型组相比，A 型和 AB 型组的血清阳性率增加，与女性相比，男性的血清阳性率增加。在按性别分层后观察到可能的效应修饰（p=0.0515）。与 A 和 AB 型相比，O 型的血样明显较少，而 Rh 因子与血清阳性率之间没有关联。我们假设 A 型和 AB 型血液中的 A 抗原在 SARS-CoV-2 与 ACE2 受体结合中起作用，导致感染风险增加。此外，O 型血产生的天然抗 A/抗 B 抗体可阻止病毒与细胞黏附，从而降低感染风险。
