Department of Economics and UHERO, University of Hawaii, 2424 Maile Way, Saunders 542, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jun 27;20(13):6231. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20136231.
The state of Hawaii has seen 390,000 COVID-19 cases and nearly 1900 deaths since the start of the pandemic. Although the negative impact of the pandemic on employment has been widely documented, this paper demonstrates that those who were infected and suffer from lingering symptoms (i.e., long COVID) had different employment outcomes than those who did not experience such symptoms. Using data from our longitudinal cohort in the state of Hawaii, we found that those who reported long COVID in May 2022 were 6.43% more likely to be unemployed at the time of the May survey and 7.07% more likely in November 2022. In addition, we showed that vaccination is associated with higher rates of employment; each additional vaccine an individual received by May decreased the likelihood of unemployment by 6.9% in May and 3.9% in November. Further, individuals who reported more severe symptoms of long COVID were 6.36% less likely to be employed in May and 5.75% less likely to be employed in November. Our results suggest that vaccination policies and policies aimed at preventing contraction and accommodating individuals with long COVID may be effective measures for mitigating the adverse effects of the pandemic on employment.
自疫情开始以来，夏威夷州已报告了 39 万例 COVID-19 病例和近 1900 例死亡。尽管大流行对就业的负面影响已被广泛记录，但本文表明，那些感染并患有长期 COVID 症状（即长期 COVID）的人与未经历此类症状的人有不同的就业结果。使用我们在夏威夷州的纵向队列数据，我们发现，那些在 2022 年 5 月报告长期 COVID 的人在 5 月调查时失业的可能性高 6.43%，在 11 月 2022 年高 7.07%。此外，我们表明，接种疫苗与更高的就业率相关联；个体在 5 月前每额外接种一剂疫苗，在 5 月时失业的可能性降低 6.9%，11 月时降低 3.9%。此外，报告长期 COVID 症状更严重的个体在 5 月时就业的可能性低 6.36%，在 11 月时就业的可能性低 5.75%。我们的结果表明，疫苗接种政策和旨在预防感染和为长期 COVID 患者提供便利的政策可能是减轻大流行对就业负面影响的有效措施。
