MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China.
National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jun 23;24(13):10533. doi: 10.3390/ijms241310533.
The increasingly serious trend of soil salinization inhibits the normal growth and development of soybeans, leading to reduced yields and a serious threat to global crop production. Microsomal ω-3 fatty acid desaturase encoded by the gene is a plant enzyme that plays a significant role in α-linolenic acid synthesis via regulating the membrane fluidity to better accommodate various abiotic stresses. In this study, was isolated from perilla and overexpressed in soybeans driven by CaMV P35S, and the salt tolerance of transgenic plants was then evaluated. The results showed that overexpression of increased the expression of in both the leaves and seeds of transgenic soybean plants, and α-linolenic acid content also significantly increased; hence, it was shown to significantly enhance the salt tolerance of transgenic plants. Physiological and biochemical analysis showed that overexpression of increased the relative chlorophyll content and PSII maximum photochemical efficiency of transgenic soybean plants under salt stress; meanwhile, a decreased accumulation of MDA, HO, and O2•-, increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX), as well as the production of proline and soluble sugar. In summary, the overexpression of may enhance the salt tolerance in transgenic soybean plants through enhanced membrane fluidity and through the antioxidant capacity induced by C18:3.
土壤盐渍化的日益严重趋势抑制了大豆的正常生长和发育，导致产量下降，严重威胁全球作物生产。基因编码的微粒体 ω-3 脂肪酸去饱和酶是一种植物酶，通过调节膜流动性来更好地适应各种非生物胁迫，从而在 α-亚麻酸合成中发挥重要作用。本研究从紫苏中分离出并在 CaMV P35S 驱动下在大豆中过表达，然后评估了转基因植物的耐盐性。结果表明，过表达增加了转基因大豆植株叶片和种子中基因的表达，α-亚麻酸含量也显著增加；因此，它显著增强了转基因植物的耐盐性。生理生化分析表明，过表达增加了盐胁迫下转基因大豆植株的相对叶绿素含量和 PSII 最大光化学效率；同时，MDA、HO 和 O2•-的积累减少，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）的活性增加，脯氨酸和可溶性糖的产生增加。总之，过表达可能通过增强膜流动性和 C18:3 诱导的抗氧化能力来增强转基因大豆植株的耐盐性。
