College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Mar 22;22(6):3205. doi: 10.3390/ijms22063205.
Dehydrins (DHNs) play an important role in abiotic stress tolerance in a large number of plants, but very little is known about the function of DHNs in pepper plants. Here, we isolated a YSK-type DHN gene "" from pepper. To authenticate the function of in salt and drought stresses, it was overexpressed in Arabidopsis and silenced in pepper through virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). Sub-cellular localization showed that was located in the nucleus and cell membrane. It was found that -overexpressed (OE) in Arabidopsis plants showed salt and drought tolerance phenotypic characteristics, i.e., increased the initial rooting length and germination rate, enhanced chlorophyll content, lowered the relative electrolyte leakage (REL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content than the wild-type (WT) plants. Moreover, a substantial increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes; including the superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and lower hydrogen peroxide (HO) contents and higher O contents in the transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Silencing of in pepper decreased the salt- and drought-stress tolerance, through a higher REL and MDA content, and there was more accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the -silenced pepper plants than the control plants. Based on the yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screening and Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) results, we found that CaDHN3 interacts with CaHIRD11 protein in the plasma membrane. Correspondingly, the expressions of four osmotic-related genes were significantly up-regulated in the -overexpressed lines. In brief, our results manifested that may play an important role in regulating the relative osmotic stress responses in plants through the ROS signaling pathway. The results of this study will provide a basis for further analyses of the function of DHN genes in pepper.
脱水素（DHN）在大量植物的非生物胁迫耐受中发挥着重要作用，但人们对辣椒植物中 DHN 的功能知之甚少。在这里，我们从辣椒中分离出一种 YSK 型 DHN 基因“”。为了验证 在盐和干旱胁迫中的功能，通过病毒诱导的基因沉默（VIGS）在拟南芥中过表达和在辣椒中沉默。亚细胞定位表明 位于细胞核和细胞膜中。研究发现，在拟南芥植物中过表达（OE）的植株表现出耐盐和耐旱的表型特征，即增加初始生根长度和发芽率，增强叶绿素含量，降低相对电解质泄漏（REL）和丙二醛（MDA）含量，而野生型（WT）植物。此外，抗氧化酶的活性显著增加；包括超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX），以及转基因拟南芥植物中 H2O2 含量降低和 O2 含量升高。在辣椒中沉默 降低了盐和干旱胁迫的耐受性，通过更高的 REL 和 MDA 含量，以及在 -沉默的辣椒植物中比对照植物有更多的活性氧（ROS）积累。基于酵母双杂交（Y2H）筛选和双分子荧光互补（BiFC）结果，我们发现 CaDHN3 与质膜中的 CaHIRD11 蛋白相互作用。相应地，在 -过表达系中，四个渗透相关基因的表达显著上调。总之，我们的结果表明， 通过 ROS 信号通路， 可能在调节植物相对渗透胁迫反应中发挥重要作用。本研究的结果将为进一步分析 DHN 基因在辣椒中的功能提供基础。
