Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
Molecules. 2023 Jul 7;28(13):5288. doi: 10.3390/molecules28135288.
Pollen, as an important component of (EUP), is rich in nutrients and is receiving increasing attention. At present, there are no reports on research related to the chemical composition and quality standards of EUP, and there are significant quality differences and counterfeit phenomena in the market. This study used a UPLC-QTOF-MS system to identify 49 chemical components in EUP for the first time. In the second step, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-HPLC antioxidant activity screening technology was used to identify the main active components of EUP, quercetin-3--sophoroside (QSH), quercetin-3--sambubioside (QSB), and quercetin 3--neohesperidoside (QNH), and their purification, preparation, and structure identification were carried out. Third, molecular docking was used to predict the activity of these components. Fourth, the intracellular ROS generation model of RAW264.7 induced by HO was used to verify and evaluate the activity of candidate active ingredients to determine their feasibility as Q-markers. Finally, a quality control method for EUP was constructed using the three selected components as Q-markers. The identification of chemical components and the discovery, prediction, and confirmation of characteristic Q-markers in EUP provide important references for better research on EUP and the effective evaluation and control of its quality. This approach provides a new model for the quality control of novel foods or dietary supplements.
花粉作为（EUP）的重要组成部分，富含营养物质，越来越受到关注。目前，尚无关于 EUP 化学成分和质量标准的研究报告，市场上存在显著的质量差异和假冒现象。本研究首次使用 UPLC-QTOF-MS 系统鉴定了 EUP 中的 49 种化学成分。在第二步中，使用 2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）-HPLC 抗氧化活性筛选技术鉴定了 EUP 的主要活性成分槲皮素-3--槐糖苷（QSH）、槲皮素-3--山茱萸糖苷（QSB）和槲皮素 3--新橙皮苷（QNH），并对其进行了分离纯化、制备和结构鉴定。第三，采用分子对接预测这些成分的活性。第四，利用 RAW264.7 细胞内 ROS 生成模型，验证和评价候选活性成分的活性，确定其作为 Q-标志物的可行性。最后，以三种选定的成分为 Q-标志物，构建了 EUP 的质量控制方法。EUP 中化学成分的鉴定以及特征 Q-标志物的发现、预测和确认，为更好地研究 EUP 及其质量的有效评价和控制提供了重要参考。该方法为新型食品或膳食补充剂的质量控制提供了一种新的模式。
