School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112401, Taiwan.
Nutrients. 2023 Jun 21;15(13):2830. doi: 10.3390/nu15132830.
Dysmenorrhea causes pain and inconvenience during menstruation. In addition to medication, natural compounds are widely used to relieve various types of pain. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of vitamin D (vit. D) supplementation in relieving the symptoms of primary dysmenorrhea. A comprehensive systematic database search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed. Oral forms of vit. D supplementation were included and compared with a placebo or standard care. The degree of dysmenorrhea pain was measured with a visual analogue scale or numerical rating scale. Outcomes were compared using the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in a meta-analysis. RCTs were assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias v2 (RoB 2) tool. The meta-analysis included 8 randomized controlled trials involving 695 participants. The results of the quantitative analysis showed a significantly lower degree of pain in the vit. D versus placebo in those with dysmenorrhea (SMD: -1.404, 95% CI: -2.078 to -0.731). The results of subgroup analysis revealed that pain lessened when the average weekly dose of vit. D was over 50,000 IU, in which dysmenorrhea was relieved regardless of whether vit. D was administered for more or less than 70 days and in any dose interval. The results revealed that vit. D treatment substantially reduced the pain level in the primary dysmenorrhea population. We concluded that vit. D supplementation is an alternative treatment for relieving the pain symptoms of dysmenorrhea.
痛经在月经期间会引起疼痛和不适。除了药物治疗外，天然化合物也被广泛用于缓解各种类型的疼痛。在这项研究中，我们旨在评估维生素 D（vit. D）补充剂缓解原发性痛经症状的效果。我们对随机对照试验（RCTs）进行了全面的系统数据库搜索。纳入了口服形式的 vit. D 补充剂，并将其与安慰剂或标准护理进行了比较。痛经疼痛程度采用视觉模拟量表或数字评分量表进行测量。使用标准化均数差值（SMD）和 95%置信区间（CI）进行荟萃分析来比较结果。使用 Cochrane 风险偏倚评估工具（RoB 2）对 RCTs 进行评估。荟萃分析纳入了 8 项随机对照试验，涉及 695 名参与者。定量分析的结果表明，vit. D 组与安慰剂组相比，痛经患者的疼痛程度明显降低（SMD：-1.404，95%CI：-2.078 至-0.731）。亚组分析的结果表明，当 vit. D 的平均每周剂量超过 50,000IU 时，疼痛减轻，无论 vit. D 给药时间超过 70 天还是少于 70 天，以及在任何剂量间隔内，痛经都得到缓解。结果表明，vit. D 治疗可显著降低原发性痛经人群的疼痛水平。我们得出结论，vit. D 补充剂是缓解痛经症状的一种替代治疗方法。
