维生素 D 对痛经严重程度和月经失血的影响：一项随机临床试验。
The effect of vitamin D on the severity of dysmenorrhea and menstrual blood loss: a randomized clinical trial.
机构信息
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Reproductive Sciences and Technology Research Center, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Rashid Yasemi St., Valiasr St, Tehran, 1996713883, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Womens Health. 2023 Mar 27;23(1):138. doi: 10.1186/s12905-023-02284-5.
BACKGROUND
Primary dysmenorrhea is considered as one of the women's main problems during reproductive age. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin D on the severity of dysmenorrhea and menstrual blood loss.
METHODS
This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, was performed on 84 single female college students between 18 and 25 years old who living in dormitories. Students with primary dysmenorrhea and vitamin D deficiency were divided into experimental (n = 42) and control (n = 42) groups. Five days before the putative beginning of their next menstrual cycle, the experimental group received 300,000 IU vitamin D (50,000 IU, two tablets every 8 h), and the control group received a placebo (oral paraffin). The effects of the supplement on the severity of dysmenorrhea and menstrual blood loss were evaluated one cycle before and during two successive cycles. Using the visual analog scale (VAS), verbal multidimensional scoring system (VMS), and pictorial blood assessment chart (PBLAC) questionnaires. Fisher's exact, Chi-square, independent sample t-test and repeated measurements were used.
RESULTS
In total, 78 of the 84 students completed the study (39 students per group). The intervention resulted in a significant reduction in the mean scores of both the VAS and VMS in the experimental group, in the first and second menstrual cycles (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively), but not in the means score of PBLAC. Mefenamic acid consumption at the first and second menstruation period, in the experimental group was lower than the control group (p = 0.009, p < 0.001, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
The results indicate that vitamin D supplementation could decrease the severity of primary dysmenorrhea and the need to consume pain-relief medications. Contrariwise vitamin D supplementation had no significant effect on menstrual blood loss.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
This trial was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials with code IRCT201305212324N on 18/1/2014. URL of registry: https://en.irct.ir/trial/1964 .
背景
原发性痛经被认为是育龄期女性的主要问题之一。本研究旨在探讨维生素 D 对痛经严重程度和月经失血的影响。
方法
本双盲、随机、安慰剂对照试验纳入了 84 名居住在宿舍的 18 至 25 岁单女大学生，她们均患有原发性痛经和维生素 D 缺乏症。将这些学生分为实验组（n=42）和对照组（n=42）。在推测下一次月经周期开始前 5 天，实验组服用 30 万 IU 维生素 D（5 万 IU，每 8 小时服用 2 片），对照组服用安慰剂（口服石蜡油）。在一个周期前和连续两个周期期间，使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）、言语多维评分系统（VMS）和图像血液评估图表（PBLAC）问卷评估补充剂对痛经严重程度和月经失血的影响。使用 Fisher 确切检验、卡方检验、独立样本 t 检验和重复测量进行分析。
结果
共有 84 名学生中的 78 名（每组 39 名）完成了研究。干预后，实验组 VAS 和 VMS 的平均评分在第一个和第二个月经周期均显著降低（p<0.001，p<0.001），但 PBLAC 的平均评分没有降低。实验组在第一个和第二个月经周期期间对甲芬那酸的消耗低于对照组（p=0.009，p<0.001）。
结论
结果表明，维生素 D 补充剂可以减轻原发性痛经的严重程度和对止痛药物的需求。相反，维生素 D 补充剂对月经失血没有显著影响。
试验注册
本试验于 2014 年 1 月 18 日在伊朗临床试验注册中心注册，注册号为 IRCT201305212324N。注册中心网址：https://en.irct.ir/trial/1964。
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