School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AH, UK.
Nutrients. 2023 Jun 22;15(13):2841. doi: 10.3390/nu15132841.
Systematic reviews have examined the multitude of studies investigating family mealtimes and their importance to child/adolescent health and psychosocial outcomes, but the focus of each is limited to specific aspects of family meals (e.g., frequency) and/or specific outcomes (e.g., nutrition). Their findings require synthesis and so a systematic umbrella review was undertaken. Databases were searched to identify systematic reviews (with or without meta-analysis/meta-synthesis) addressing at least one of the following questions: what are the characteristics and/or correlates of family mealtimes; what outcomes are associated with family mealtimes; are interventions aimed at promoting family mealtimes effective? Forty-one eligible reviews were retrieved. Their findings demonstrate that families with children/adolescents typically eat together at least a few days each week. More frequent family meals are predicted by a more positive mealtime environment, more positive attitudes towards family meals, the presence of younger children, and families having more time. Greater family meal frequency protects children/adolescents against a poorer diet, obesity, risk behaviours, poorer mental health and wellbeing, and poorer academic outcomes. Findings from interventions seeking to promote family mealtimes are mixed. This umbrella review provides a comprehensive and integrated understanding of research into family mealtimes, establishing where evidence is sound and where further research is needed.
系统评价已经研究了大量关于家庭用餐及其对儿童/青少年健康和心理社会结果重要性的研究，但每项研究的重点都局限于家庭用餐的特定方面（例如，频率）和/或特定结果（例如，营养）。它们的研究结果需要综合，因此进行了系统的伞式综述。数据库被搜索以确定系统评价（有或没有荟萃分析/荟萃合成），至少解决以下一个问题：家庭用餐的特点和/或相关性是什么；与家庭用餐相关的结果是什么；旨在促进家庭用餐的干预措施是否有效？检索到 41 篇合格的综述。他们的研究结果表明，有孩子/青少年的家庭通常每周至少有几天一起吃饭。更频繁的家庭用餐可预测用餐环境更积极、对家庭用餐的态度更积极、有年幼的孩子以及家庭有更多时间。更高的家庭用餐频率可保护儿童/青少年免受不良饮食、肥胖、风险行为、较差的心理健康和幸福感以及较差的学业成绩的影响。旨在促进家庭用餐的干预措施的研究结果参差不齐。本伞式综述全面综合地了解了家庭用餐的研究，确定了证据确凿的地方和需要进一步研究的地方。
