Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.
Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 3-17 Senriokashinmachi, Settsu-shi 566-0002, Osaka, Japan.
Nutrients. 2023 Jul 4;15(13):3034. doi: 10.3390/nu15133034.
This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between dietary hardness and depressive symptoms in older Japanese men. Participants were 1487 men aged 60-69 years enrolled in the baseline survey of the Hitachi Health Study II (2017-2020). Habitual dietary intake was estimated by a brief-type, self-administered diet history questionnaire. Dietary hardness was defined as the magnitude of masticatory muscle activity necessary to consume solid foods. The participants who scored ≥ 9 points on a short version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale were considered to have depressive symptoms. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 12.7%. The ORs (95% CIs) for depressive symptoms in the third tertile of dietary hardness were significantly lower after adjustment for sociodemographic and lifestyle-related variables and mood-modulating nutrients (ORs [95% CIs]: 0.93 [0.63, 1.36] and 0.58 [0.35, 0.97] for the second and third tertile, respectively [-value for trend = 0.04]). Dietary hardness was inversely associated with the prevalence of depressive symptoms in older Japanese men. Future studies should confirm these findings and clarify the role of consuming a hard diet in preventing depressive disorders.
本横断面研究旨在探讨日本老年男性饮食硬度与抑郁症状之间的关联。参与者为参加日立健康研究 II 基线调查（2017-2020 年）的 1487 名 60-69 岁男性。通过简短的自我管理饮食历史问卷评估习惯性饮食摄入。饮食硬度定义为消耗固体食物所需的咀嚼肌活动程度。在流行病学研究中心抑郁量表的简短版本中得分≥9 分的参与者被认为患有抑郁症状。抑郁症状的患病率为 12.7%。在调整社会人口统计学和生活方式相关变量以及情绪调节营养素后，饮食硬度第三 tertile 的抑郁症状的 ORs（95% CI）显著降低（ORs [95% CI]：0.93 [0.63, 1.36] 和 0.58 [0.35, 0.97] 分别为第二和第三 tertile，趋势检验值为 0.04）。饮食硬度与日本老年男性抑郁症状的患病率呈负相关。未来的研究应证实这些发现，并阐明食用硬食在预防抑郁障碍中的作用。
