Shi Kang, Liu Guoshuai, Sun Hui, Weng Yunxuan
College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Jun 25;15(13):2807. doi: 10.3390/polym15132807.
With the gradual depletion of petroleum resources and the increasing global awareness of environmental protection, biodegradable plastics are receiving more and more attention as a green substitute for traditional petroleum-based plastics. Poly (lactic acid) is considered to be the most promising biodegradable material because of its excellent biodegradability, biocompatibility, and good processability. However, the brittleness and high cost limit its application in more fields. Lignin, as the second largest renewable biopolymer in nature after cellulose, is not only rich in reserves and low in cost, but it also has an excellent UV barrier, antioxidant activity, and rigidity. The molecular structure of lignin contains a large number of functional groups, which are easy to endow with new functions by chemical modification. Currently, lignin is mostly treated as waste in industry, and the value-added utilization is insufficient. The combination of lignin and poly (lactic acid) can on the one hand solve the problems of the high cost of PLA and less efficient utilization of lignin; on the other hand, the utilization of lignocellulosic biomass in compounding with biodegradable synthetic polymers is expected to afford high-performance wholly green polymer composites. This mini-review summarizes the latest research achievements of poly (lactic acid)/lignin composites. Emphasis was put on the influence of lignin on the mechanical properties of its composite with poly (lactic acid), as well as the compatibility of the two components. Future research on these green composites is also prospected.
随着石油资源的逐渐枯竭以及全球环保意识的不断增强，可生物降解塑料作为传统石油基塑料的绿色替代品正受到越来越多的关注。聚乳酸因其优异的生物降解性、生物相容性和良好的加工性能而被认为是最具前景的可生物降解材料。然而，其脆性和高成本限制了它在更多领域的应用。木质素作为自然界中仅次于纤维素的第二大可再生生物聚合物，不仅储量丰富、成本低廉，还具有出色的紫外线阻隔性能、抗氧化活性和刚性。木质素的分子结构含有大量官能团，易于通过化学改性赋予新功能。目前，木质素在工业上大多被当作废弃物处理，增值利用不足。木质素与聚乳酸结合，一方面可以解决聚乳酸成本高和木质素利用效率低的问题；另一方面，木质纤维素生物质与可生物降解合成聚合物复合利用有望得到高性能的全绿色聚合物复合材料。本综述总结了聚乳酸/木质素复合材料的最新研究成果。重点阐述了木质素对其与聚乳酸复合材料力学性能的影响以及两组分的相容性。还对这些绿色复合材料的未来研究进行了展望。
