Department of Virology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
PLoS One. 2023 Jul 14;18(7):e0288634. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288634. eCollection 2023.
Chlorous acid water (HClO2) is known for its antimicrobial activity. In this study, we attempted to accurately assess the ability of chlorous acid water to inactivate SARS-CoV-2. When using cell culture supernatants of infected cells as the test virus, the 99% inactivation concentration (IC99) for the SARS-CoV-2 D614G variant, as well as the Delta and Omicron variants, was approximately 10ppm of free chlorine concentration with a reaction time of 10 minutes. On the other hand, in experiments using a more purified virus, the IC99 of chlorous acid water was 0.41-0.74ppm with a reaction time of 1 minute, showing a strong inactivation capacity over 200 times. With sodium hypochlorite water, the IC99 was 0.54ppm, confirming that these chlorine compounds have a potent inactivation effect against SARS-CoV-2. However, it became clear that when using cell culture supernatants of infected cells as the test virus, the effect is masked by impurities such as amino acids contained therein. Also, when proteins (0.5% polypeptone, or 0.3% BSA + 0.3% sheep red blood cells, or 5% FBS) were added to the purified virus, the IC99 values became high, ranging from 5.3 to 76ppm with a reaction time of 10 minutes, significantly reducing the effect. However, considering that the usual usage concentration is 200ppm, it was shown that chlorous acid water can still exert sufficient disinfection effects even in the presence of proteins. Further research is needed to confirm the practical applications and effects of chlorous acid water, but it has the potential to be an important tool for preventing the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
次氯酸水（HClO2）以其抗菌活性而闻名。在这项研究中，我们试图准确评估次氯酸水灭活 SARS-CoV-2 的能力。当使用感染细胞的细胞培养上清液作为测试病毒时，SARS-CoV-2 D614G 变体以及 Delta 和奥密克戎变体的 99%灭活浓度（IC99）约为 10ppm 的游离氯浓度，反应时间为 10 分钟。另一方面，在使用更纯化的病毒进行的实验中，次氯酸水的 IC99 为 0.41-0.74ppm，反应时间为 1 分钟，表现出超过 200 倍的强灭活能力。使用次氯酸钠水时，IC99 为 0.54ppm，证实这些氯化合物对 SARS-CoV-2 具有强大的灭活作用。然而，很明显，当使用感染细胞的细胞培养上清液作为测试病毒时，其中所含的氨基酸等杂质会掩盖其效果。此外，当向纯化病毒中添加蛋白质（0.5%的多蛋白胨，或 0.3%BSA+0.3%绵羊红细胞，或 5%FBS）时，IC99 值变得很高，反应时间为 10 分钟时，范围从 5.3 到 76ppm，显著降低了效果。然而，考虑到通常的使用浓度为 200ppm，表明即使存在蛋白质，次氯酸水仍能发挥足够的消毒效果。需要进一步研究来确认次氯酸水的实际应用和效果，但它有可能成为预防 SARS-CoV-2 传播的重要工具。
