The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
Phytomedicine. 2023 Sep;118:154961. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154961. Epub 2023 Jul 9.
Liver diseases have a negative impact on global health and are a leading cause of death worldwide. Chlorogenic acids (CGAs), a family of esters formed between certain trans-cinnamic acids and quinic acid, are natural polyphenols abundant in coffee, tea, and a variety of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). They are reported to have good hepatoprotective effects against various liver diseases.
This review aims to analyze the available literature on the hepatoprotective effect of CGAs, with particular emphasis on their mechanisms.
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. PubMed and Web of Science databases were adopted to retrieve all relevant literature on CGAs for liver disease from 2013 to March 2023.
Research has indicated that CGAs play a crucial role in improving different types of liver diseases, including drug-induced liver injury (DILI), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), cholestatic liver disease (CLD), liver fibrosis, and liver cancer. CGAs display remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by activating erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and inhibiting toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Some important molecules such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), and other key physiological processes like intestinal barrier and gut microbiota have also been discovered to participate in CGAs-provided amelioration on various liver diseases.
In this review, different studies indicate that CGAs have an excellent protective effect against various liver diseases associated with various signaling pathways.
肝脏疾病对全球健康造成负面影响，是全球范围内主要的死亡原因。绿原酸（CGAs）是由某些反式肉桂酸和奎尼酸形成的酯类家族，是咖啡、茶和多种中药（TCM）中丰富的天然多酚。据报道，它们对各种肝病具有良好的保肝作用。
本综述旨在分析 CGAs 对肝脏保护作用的现有文献，特别强调其作用机制。
采用系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南。检索了 2013 年至 2023 年 3 月期间关于 CGAs 治疗肝病的所有相关文献，使用 PubMed 和 Web of Science 数据库。
研究表明，CGAs 在改善不同类型的肝病方面发挥着重要作用，包括药物性肝损伤（DILI）、酒精性肝病（ALD）、代谢（功能障碍）相关脂肪性肝病（MAFLD）、胆汁淤积性肝病（CLD）、肝纤维化和肝癌。CGAs 通过激活红细胞生成素 2 相关因子 2（Nrf2）和抑制 Toll 样受体 4（TLR4）/核因子-κB（NF-κB）信号通路，表现出显著的抗氧化和抗炎作用。一些重要的分子，如 AMP 激活的蛋白激酶（AMPK）和细胞外信号调节激酶 1 和 2（ERK1/2），以及其他关键的生理过程，如肠道屏障和肠道微生物群，也被发现参与 CGAs 对各种肝病的改善。
在本综述中，不同的研究表明 CGAs 对与各种信号通路相关的各种肝病具有极好的保护作用。
