Herrero T, Sanjoaquin M I, Lafuente M, Monje-López A E, Cabrera L M, Betrán M, Camón A M
Tina Herrero Jordán, Área de Neumología, Hospital Reina Sofía de Tudela, Carretera de Tarazona, Km. 4, 31500 Tudela, Navarra. Spain.
Rev Esp Quimioter. 2023 Oct;36(5):492-497. doi: 10.37201/req/019.2023. Epub 2023 Jul 17.
The main objective of our investigation was to know the incidence and epidemiology of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in our area and the prevalence of comorbidities in patients with MNT infection. As secondary objectives, we studied the distribution by species of MNT, the forms of disease and the type of sample used for its diagnosis.
A retrospective study was carried out in which all the isolates of mycobacteria carried out by the microbiology laboratory of the Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa of Zaragoza during the period between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2018 were included.
A total of 533 mycobacteria were isolated, of which 295 (55.35%) were tuberculosis (MTB) and 238 (44.65%) were MNT. Of the whole MNT isolates, only 15.54% were considered clinically significant. Twenty-one species were identified being the most frequent: M. gordonae (26.89%), M. fortuitum (19.75%) and M. avium (16.39%). 32.72% of the MNT isolates were found in people over 70 years of age.
We can confirm that the reported number of MNT isolates in our area is higher than in previous periods. MNT infection is more common in men and those older than 70 years. The epidemiology, especially the risk factors, of MNT disease is changing.
我们调查的主要目的是了解我们地区非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）的发病率和流行病学情况，以及NTM感染患者的合并症患病率。作为次要目的，我们研究了NTM的菌种分布、疾病形式以及用于诊断的样本类型。
进行了一项回顾性研究，纳入了2011年1月1日至2018年12月31日期间萨拉戈萨洛萨诺·布莱萨大学临床医院微生物实验室分离出的所有分枝杆菌菌株。
共分离出533株分枝杆菌，其中295株（55.35%）为结核分枝杆菌（MTB），238株（44.65%）为NTM。在所有NTM分离株中，只有15.54%被认为具有临床意义。鉴定出21种菌种，最常见的是：戈登分枝杆菌（26.89%）、偶然分枝杆菌（19.75%）和鸟分枝杆菌（16.39%）。32.72%的NTM分离株来自70岁以上人群。
我们可以确认，我们地区报告的NTM分离株数量高于以前。NTM感染在男性和70岁以上人群中更为常见。NTM疾病的流行病学，尤其是危险因素，正在发生变化。
