Adimab, LLC, Lebanon, NH.
Department of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
J Immunol. 2023 Aug 1;211(3):311-322. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300136.
BCRs (Abs) and TCRs (or adaptive immune receptors [AIRs]) are the means by which the adaptive immune system recognizes foreign and self-antigens, playing an integral part in host defense, as well as the emergence of autoimmunity. Importantly, the interaction between AIRs and their cognate Ags defies a simple key-in-lock paradigm and is instead a complex many-to-many mapping between an individual's massively diverse AIR repertoire, and a similarly diverse antigenic space. Understanding how adaptive immunity balances specificity with epitopic coverage is a key challenge for the field, and terms such as broad specificity, cross-reactivity, and polyreactivity remain ill-defined and are used inconsistently. In this Immunology Notes and Resources article, a group of experimental, structural, and computational immunologists define commonly used terms associated with AIR binding, describe methodologies to study these binding modes, as well as highlight the implications of these different binding modes for therapeutic design.
BCRs（Abs）和 TCRs（或适应性免疫受体 [AIRs]）是适应性免疫系统识别外来和自身抗原的手段，在宿主防御以及自身免疫的出现中起着至关重要的作用。重要的是，AIRs 与其同源抗原之间的相互作用违背了简单的钥匙锁范式，而是个体多样化的 AIR repertoire 与同样多样化的抗原空间之间的复杂多对多映射。了解适应性免疫如何在特异性和表位覆盖之间取得平衡是该领域的一个关键挑战，并且诸如广谱特异性、交叉反应性和多反应性等术语仍然定义不明确且使用不一致。在这篇免疫学笔记和资源文章中，一组实验、结构和计算免疫学家定义了与 AIR 结合相关的常用术语，描述了研究这些结合模式的方法，并强调了这些不同结合模式对治疗设计的影响。
