Ito M, Fantino E
J Exp Anal Behav. 1986 Jul;46(1):93-103. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1986.46-93.
Pigeons were exposed to a foraging schedule characterized by three different states, beginning with a search state in which completion of a variable interval on a white key led to a choice state. In the choice state the subject could, by appropriate responding on a fixed ratio of three, either accept or reject the schedule offered. If the subject accepted the schedule, it entered a handling state in which the appropriate reinforcer amount was presented according to a variable-interval schedule. In Experiment 1 the shorter duration reinforcer was more likely to be accepted the longer the duration of the search state and the shorter the equal durations of the handling states. In Experiment 2 the shorter duration reinforcer was more likely to be accepted the longer the handling time preceding the longer duration reinforcer. All of the results were in qualitative--and some were in quantitative--agreement with those predicted by the delay-reduction hypothesis and the optimal-diet model.
鸽子被置于一种具有三种不同状态的觅食程序中，开始是搜索状态，在白色按键上完成一个可变间隔会导致进入选择状态。在选择状态下，主体通过以三的固定比率进行适当反应，可以接受或拒绝所提供的程序。如果主体接受了该程序，它就进入处理状态，在该状态下，根据可变间隔程序呈现适当数量的强化物。在实验1中，搜索状态持续时间越长且处理状态的相等持续时间越短，持续时间较短的强化物就越有可能被接受。在实验2中，较长持续时间强化物之前的处理时间越长，持续时间较短的强化物就越有可能被接受。所有结果在质量上——有些在数量上——与延迟减少假说和最优饮食模型所预测的结果一致。
