Operating room, West China hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan Province, China.
West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan Province, China.
BMC Endocr Disord. 2023 Jul 18;23(1):154. doi: 10.1186/s12902-023-01389-0.
Osteoporosis is a prevalent condition characterized by low bone density and increased risk of fractures, resulting in a significant healthcare burden. Previous research has suggested that serum ferritin levels may be related to the risk of developing osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary iron intake and the development of osteoporosis.
Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2005 and 2018, a total of 11,690 adults aged over 20 were evaluated. Bone mineral density (BMD) measurements of the femoral neck and lumbar spine were used to assess osteoporosis and osteopenia. Dietary iron intake was determined using food intake interviews and the Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies. Logistic regression models were applied to investigate the association between dietary iron consumption and osteopenia and osteoporosis.
After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, compared with those who had the first quartile (Q1) of dietary iron intake, the odds ratio (OR) for osteopenia across the quartiles of dietary iron intake levels was 0.88 (95%CI: 0.79-0.98), 0.80 (95%CI: 0.72-0.89), and 0.74 (95%CI: 0.67-0.83) for Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively. And the OR for osteoporosis across the quartiles of dietary iron intake levels was 1.00, 0.77 (95%CI: 0.50-1.19), 0.54 (95%CI: 0.34-0.89), and 0.83 (95%CI: 0.54-1.29) for Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively. Notably, the observed association was significant among females but not males.
The risk of osteopenia/osteoporosis in females decreases with a moderate increase in dietary iron consumption. For females to preserve bone health, moderately increasing their dietary iron intake without overindulging should be seen as a key approach. Our study provides useful insights for developing dietary strategies to prevent and manage osteoporosis in vulnerable populations.
骨质疏松症是一种普遍存在的疾病，其特征是骨密度降低和骨折风险增加，给医疗保健带来了巨大的负担。先前的研究表明，血清铁蛋白水平可能与骨质疏松症的发病风险有关。本研究旨在探讨膳食铁摄入与骨质疏松症发展之间的关系。
利用 2005 年至 2018 年期间进行的国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）的数据，评估了 11690 名年龄在 20 岁以上的成年人。通过股骨颈和腰椎的骨矿物质密度（BMD）测量来评估骨质疏松症和骨量减少。膳食铁摄入量通过饮食摄入访谈和膳食研究食物和营养素数据库来确定。应用逻辑回归模型来研究膳食铁摄入与骨量减少和骨质疏松症之间的关联。
在调整了社会人口因素后，与膳食铁摄入量处于第一四分位数（Q1）的人相比，膳食铁摄入量处于四分位数水平的骨量减少的比值比（OR）分别为 0.88（95%CI：0.79-0.98）、0.80（95%CI：0.72-0.89）和 0.74（95%CI：0.67-0.83）。而膳食铁摄入量处于四分位数水平的骨质疏松症的 OR 分别为 1.00、0.77（95%CI：0.50-1.19）、0.54（95%CI：0.34-0.89）和 0.83（95%CI：0.54-1.29）。值得注意的是，这种观察到的关联在女性中是显著的，但在男性中则不显著。
女性的骨量减少/骨质疏松症风险随着膳食铁摄入的适度增加而降低。为了保持女性的骨骼健康，适度增加膳食铁摄入而不过量应该被视为一种关键方法。本研究为制定针对脆弱人群的预防和管理骨质疏松症的饮食策略提供了有用的见解。
