Swiss Development and Cooperation in the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
Department of Sociology, American University of Central Asia, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
Int J Public Health. 2023 Jul 4;68:1605381. doi: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1605381. eCollection 2023.
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Kyrgyzstan are responsible for 83% of all deaths. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of WHO "Package of Essential Interventions on NCDs" (PEN) on health education and counselling at primary healthcare in Kyrgyzstan. Interventions consisted of information diffusion in primary care facilities and in communities by trained volunteers. The study aimed to assess the evolution of population's knowledge and behaviour through a questionnaire applying a quasi-experimental approach. The sample size was 2,000 at baseline and after 4 years in intervention and control oblasts. Population's knowledge and behaviour improved in intervention areas compared to control areas. Knowledge on NCD-related risks increased from 61% to 87%. Behaviour improved with physical activity increasing from 23% to 32%; smokers reduced from 22% to 20%; alcohol consumption reduced from 23% to 16%; daily walking (minimum 30') improved from 40% to 71%. This study suggests that the PEN-protocol is effective in improving healthy behaviour, thus potentially contributing to prevent NCDs. This example from Kyrgyzstan provides a practical example for promoting PEN-protocol adaptation in other countries.
在吉尔吉斯斯坦，非传染性疾病（NCDs）导致了 83%的死亡人数。本研究旨在评估世界卫生组织（WHO）“非传染性疾病基本干预措施包”（PEN）对吉尔吉斯斯坦初级卫生保健健康教育和咨询的有效性。干预措施包括通过培训志愿者在初级保健设施和社区中进行信息传播。该研究旨在通过问卷调查应用准实验方法评估人口知识和行为的演变。基线时样本量为 2000 人，干预和对照地区 4 年后各为 2000 人。与对照地区相比，干预地区人口的知识和行为有所改善。与 NCD 相关的风险知识从 61%增加到 87%。行为随着身体活动的增加而改善，从 23%增加到 32%；吸烟者从 22%减少到 20%；饮酒量从 23%减少到 16%；每天步行（至少 30'）从 40%提高到 71%。本研究表明，PEN 方案在改善健康行为方面是有效的，从而有可能有助于预防非传染性疾病。吉尔吉斯斯坦的这一例子为在其他国家推广 PEN 方案的适应性提供了一个实用的范例。
