Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, United States; Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States.
Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, United States.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2023 Sep;118(3):657-671. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.07.010. Epub 2023 Jul 19.
The obesity epidemic brought a need for accessible methods to monitor body composition, as excess adiposity has been associated with cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders, and some cancers. Recent 3-dimensional optical (3DO) imaging advancements have provided opportunities for assessing body composition. However, the accuracy and precision of an overall 3DO body composition model in specific subgroups are unknown.
This study aimed to evaluate 3DO's accuracy and precision by subgroups of age, body mass index, and ethnicity.
A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from the Shape Up! Adults study. Each participant received duplicate 3DO and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. 3DO meshes were digitally registered and reposed using Meshcapade. Principal component analysis was performed on 3DO meshes. The resulting principal components estimated DXA whole-body and regional body composition using stepwise forward linear regression with 5-fold cross-validation. Duplicate 3DO and DXA scans were used for test-retest precision. Student's t tests were performed between 3DO and DXA by subgroup to determine significant differences.
Six hundred thirty-four participants (females = 346) had completed the study at the time of the analysis. 3DO total fat mass in the entire sample achieved R of 0.94 with root mean squared error (RMSE) of 2.91 kg compared to DXA in females and similarly in males. 3DO total fat mass achieved a % coefficient of variation (RMSE) of 1.76% (0.44 kg), whereas DXA was 0.98% (0.24 kg) in females and similarly in males. There were no mean differences for total fat, fat-free, percent fat, or visceral adipose tissue by age group (P > 0.068). However, there were mean differences for underweight, Asian, and Black females as well as Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islanders (P < 0.038).
A single 3DO body composition model produced accurate and precise body composition estimates that can be used on diverse populations. However, adjustments to specific subgroups may be warranted to improve the accuracy in those that had significant differences. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03637855 (Shape Up! Adults).
肥胖症的流行带来了对可用于监测身体成分的方法的需求，因为过多的脂肪与心血管疾病、代谢紊乱和某些癌症有关。最近的三维光学（3DO）成像技术的进步为评估身体成分提供了机会。然而，特定亚组中整体 3DO 身体成分模型的准确性和精密度尚不清楚。
本研究旨在通过年龄、体重指数和种族亚组评估 3DO 的准确性和精密度。
使用 Shape Up! Adults 研究的数据进行横断面分析。每位参与者接受了两次 3DO 和双能 X 射线吸收法（DXA）扫描。3DO 网格使用 Meshcapade 进行数字注册和重新定位。对 3DO 网格进行主成分分析。使用逐步向前线性回归和 5 倍交叉验证，从主成分中得出估计 DXA 全身和区域身体成分的结果。使用重复的 3DO 和 DXA 扫描来评估测试-重测精度。通过亚组对 3DO 和 DXA 进行学生 t 检验，以确定显著差异。
在分析时，共有 634 名参与者（女性=346 名）完成了研究。整个样本中 3DO 总脂肪量的 R 值为 0.94，均方根误差（RMSE）为 2.91kg，与女性和男性的 DXA 结果相似。3DO 总脂肪量的%变异系数（RMSE）为 1.76%（0.44kg），而女性和男性的 DXA 为 0.98%（0.24kg）。按年龄组划分，总脂肪、去脂、脂肪百分比和内脏脂肪组织无平均差异（P>0.068）。然而，女性体重不足、亚洲人和黑人以及夏威夷原住民或其他太平洋岛民存在平均差异（P<0.038）。
单一的 3DO 身体成分模型可产生准确和精确的身体成分估计值，可用于不同人群。然而，对于那些有显著差异的特定亚组，可能需要进行调整以提高准确性。该试验在 clinicaltrials.gov 上注册为 NCT03637855（Shape Up! Adults）。
