Bosco C, Rusko H, Hirvonen J
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1986 Aug;18(4):415-9.
Fourteen sprinters were assigned to an experimental group (N = 7) and a control group (N = 7) in order to study the effects of 3 wk of extra-load conditioning. The extra-load conditioning was achieved by the athletes wearing special vests containing weights (7-8% body mass). The vests were used from morning to evening and during 3-5 training sessions/wk for 3 wk. No changes in the ordinary training regime were allowed, except the use of the vest by the experimental group. A jumping test battery and short running test on a treadmill were utilized to measure explosive power characteristics and the anaerobic performance of the subjects. While the control group showed no changes in any of the variables studied, the experimental subjects significantly improved their jumping heights in squat jumps with and without extra loads; their jumping heights in drop jumps and mechanical power output in 15 s of jumps. No changes in lactate levels or in running times to exhaustion were observed in response to the extra-load conditioning. The improvement of jumping performances could be due to a fast neurogenic adaptation to the new requirements.
为了研究3周额外负荷训练的效果，14名短跑运动员被分为实验组（N = 7）和对照组（N = 7）。额外负荷训练是通过让运动员穿着装有重量（体重的7 - 8%）的特殊背心来实现的。这些背心从早到晚使用，每周进行3 - 5次训练，持续3周。除实验组使用背心外，普通训练方案不允许有任何改变。采用一组跳跃测试和跑步机上的短跑测试来测量受试者的爆发力特征和无氧运动表现。虽然对照组在所有研究变量中均未显示出变化，但实验组受试者在有和没有额外负荷的深蹲跳中的跳跃高度、跳深中的跳跃高度以及15秒跳跃中的机械功率输出均有显著提高。在额外负荷训练后，未观察到乳酸水平或力竭跑步时间的变化。跳跃成绩的提高可能是由于对新要求的快速神经源性适应。
