Yang Ningning, Xu Mingguo, Ma Zhenguo, Li Honghuan, Song Shengnan, Gu Xiaoxiao, Liu Jingnan, Yang Zhonglian, Zhu Hongji, Ma Hailong, Yi Jihai, Wang Yong, Wang Zhen, Sheng Jinliang, Chen Chuangfu
College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.
Key Laboratory of Control and Prevention of Animal Disease, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi, China.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Jul 4;14:1222292. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1222292. eCollection 2023.
Xinjiang pastoral area is the second largest pastoral area in China, accounting for 26.8% of the available grassland area in the country, and the geographical advantage of cattle breeding industry is very obvious. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) has always been one of the important viral diseases that have plagued the development of cattle farming industry in the world. As one of the main pastoral areas of China's cattle farming industry, the Xinjiang pastoral area has also been deeply affected. In this study, 6,153 bovine serum samples were collected from 18 large-scale cattle farms in 13 cities in Xinjiang. The antibodies and antigens of 6,153 and 588 serum samples were detected by serological detection methods, respectively. Ten serum samples, which were antigen-positive by ELISA, were randomly selected for RT-PCR detection, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis of suspected HoBi-like (HoBiPeV) strains. The results showed that the positive rates of BVDV antibodies and antigens were 53.68% (3,303/6,153) and 6.12% (36/588), respectively. One of the 10 randomly selected seropositive samples was infected with the HoBiPeV strain. HoBiPeV, also referred to as BVDV-3, is an emerging atypical that occurs in cattle and small ruminants, and its clinical signs are similar to those of BVDV infection. Based on the whole genome of the BVDV-3 reference strain (JS12/01) on the GenBank, the homology of the detected strain was 96.02%. The whole genome nucleotide sequence was submitted to the GenBank database, and the gene accession number was obtained: OP210314. The whole genome of isolate OP210314 was 12.239 nucleotides and contained a 5'-UTR of 340 nucleotides, a 3'-UTR of 199 nucleotides, and a large open reading frame (ORF) encoding a polyprotein consisting of 3,899 amino acids. In conclusion, the prevalence rate of BVDV infection in Xinjiang dairy cows is high, and the genetic diversity is increasing. This study successfully identified and isolated HoBiPeV in Xinjiang for the first time, posing a potential threat to the cattle industry in Xinjiang.
新疆牧区是中国第二大牧区，占全国可利用草地面积的26.8%，养牛业的地理优势十分明显。牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）一直是困扰世界养牛业发展的重要病毒性疾病之一。作为中国养牛业的主要牧区之一，新疆牧区也深受其害。本研究从新疆13个市的18个大型养牛场采集了6153份牛血清样本。分别采用血清学检测方法检测了6153份和588份血清样本的抗体和抗原。随机选取10份ELISA抗原阳性的血清样本进行RT-PCR检测、测序及疑似类霍毕样（HoBiPeV）毒株的系统发育分析。结果显示，BVDV抗体和抗原的阳性率分别为53.68%（3303/6153）和6.12%（36/588）。随机选取的10份血清阳性样本中有1份感染了HoBiPeV毒株。HoBiPeV，也被称为BVDV-3，是一种出现在牛和小反刍动物中的新型非典型毒株，其临床症状与BVDV感染相似。基于GenBank上BVDV-3参考毒株（JS12/01）的全基因组，检测到的毒株同源性为96.02%。全基因组核苷酸序列提交至GenBank数据库，获得基因登录号：OP210314。分离株OP210314的全基因组为12239个核苷酸，包含一个340个核苷酸的5'-UTR、一个199个核苷酸的3'-UTR以及一个编码由3899个氨基酸组成的多聚蛋白的大开放阅读框（ORF）。综上所述，新疆奶牛BVDV感染流行率高，且遗传多样性在增加。本研究首次在新疆成功鉴定并分离出HoBiPeV，对新疆养牛业构成潜在威胁。
