Li Zhi, Han Yuan, Fu Yong, Yuan Qing, Wang Shuqin, Pan Xingye, Xue Wanchao, Yin Hong, Gao Shandian, Meng Ru
Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Diagnosis for Animal Diseases and Green Technical Research for Prevention and Control, Academy of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China.
Xining Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Xining, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025 Aug 14;15:1652023. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1652023. eCollection 2025.
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a major pathogen affecting livestock health in China. However, the current epidemiological status in yaks (), particularly in Qinghai Province, remains insufficiently understood.
In the present study, a comprehensive serological and molecular investigation of BVDV in yaks was conducted across broad geographic areas of eight administrative regions including Yushu, Guoluo, Huangnan, Hainan, Haidong, Haixi, Haibei, and Xining in Qinghai Province.
The results revealed widespread BVDV exposure in Qinghai yak, with an overall antibody prevalence of 84.52% (1158/1370) and substantial herd variation (12.00~98.07%). Active infections were confirmed through antigen detection, revealing prevalence ranging from 0.34% (Haixi) to 4.90% (Huangnan). Genetic characterization identified two circulating subgenotypes: BVDV-1a (n=3) and the predominant BVDV-1u (n=30), with the latter dominating across all regions.
These results highlight the endemic circulation of BVDV in Qinghai yak populations and uncover unexpected genetic diversity, emphasizing the need for control measures to mitigate the adverse impacts of BVDV infection in yaks in high-altitude pastoral systems.
牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）是影响中国家畜健康的主要病原体。然而，目前牦牛（），特别是青海省牦牛的流行病学状况仍了解不足。
在本研究中，对青海省玉树、果洛、黄南、海南、海东、海西、海北和西宁八个行政区的广大地理区域内的牦牛进行了BVDV的全面血清学和分子调查。
结果显示青海牦牛普遍暴露于BVDV，总体抗体流行率为84.52%（1158/1370），且畜群间差异较大（12.00%~98.07%）。通过抗原检测确认了活动性感染，患病率从0.34%（海西）到4.90%（黄南）不等。基因特征鉴定出两种流行的亚基因型：BVDV-1a（n = 3）和主要的BVDV-1u（n = 30），后者在所有地区占主导地位。
这些结果突出了BVDV在青海牦牛种群中的地方性流行，并揭示了意外的遗传多样性，强调需要采取控制措施以减轻BVDV感染对高海拔牧区系统中牦牛的不利影响。
