Rasouli Shima, Emami Payam, Azadmehr Farhad, Karimyan Farzaneh
Student Research Committee Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Sanandaj Iran.
Department of Emergency Medical Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical sciences Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Sanandaj Iran.
Health Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 21;6(7):e1400. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.1400. eCollection 2023 Jul.
Due to the recent emergence of COVID-19, the exact pathology of this disease has not been determined. Therefore, this study evaluated the frequency of neurological symptoms in patients with COVID-19.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 2200 in patients with COVID-19 who were selected from an educational hospital in Sanandaj, Iran, from April 2020 to March 2021. The research samples were selected by census, all patients with COVID-19 were admitted to the hospital. The data collection tool was a checklist of the studied variables (dizziness, headache, and impaired consciousness) prepared by the researchers based on the specialists' opinions. The researcher completed these checklists based on the patients' hospitalization records. The data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistical tests using SPSS Software Version 20. The quantitative variables were compared using the independent -test. The test was also used to compare qualitative variables. A Value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The mean age of the patients was 57.41 years old, of whom 53.1% were male. The average blood oxygen level of the patients was 88.10%, and most disease symptoms were related to shortness of breath and cough, with a frequency of 24.3%. In addition, 20.8% of patients needed hospitalization in intensive care unit. The highest frequency of central and peripheral nervous system manifestations was related to headache, ageusia (loss of sense of taste), hyposmia (A decreased sense of smell and anosmia (The complete loss of smell). Finally, 15.3% of patients died, and 84.7% recovered. The analytical findings showed a significant relationship between the disease outcome and patients' dizziness, consciousness disorder, seizure and ageusia. There was a significant relationship between gender and headache in patients. There was a significant difference between the mean age and oxygen level with central and peripheral nervous system manifestations (dizziness, headache, impaired consciousness, smell disorder) and the disease outcome in patients.
The pathophysiology of COVID-19 virus infection involving the central nervous system is not fully understood. Neurological symptoms of this virus include delirium, headache, decreased level of consciousness, and seizures. Identifying the symptoms and mechanisms of neurological complications of COVID-19 is necessary for proper screening and complete treatment because a patient infected by COVID-19 may not show respiratory failure signs but may be a carrier. A complete and accurate knowledge of the symptoms and complications of this infection for proper screening of patients to prevent transmission and spread of this disease is critically needed.
由于新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）近期出现，该疾病的确切病理尚未确定。因此，本研究评估了COVID-19患者神经症状的发生率。
本横断面研究对2020年4月至2021年3月期间从伊朗萨南达杰一家教学医院选取的2200例COVID-19住院患者进行。研究样本通过普查选取，所有COVID-19患者均入院治疗。数据收集工具是研究人员根据专家意见编制的研究变量（头晕、头痛和意识障碍）清单。研究人员根据患者的住院记录填写这些清单。使用SPSS软件20版通过描述性和分析性统计检验对数据进行分析。定量变量使用独立样本t检验进行比较。卡方检验也用于比较定性变量。P值小于0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
患者的平均年龄为57.41岁，其中53.1%为男性。患者的平均血氧水平为88.10%，大多数疾病症状与呼吸急促和咳嗽有关，发生率为24.3%。此外，20.8%的患者需要入住重症监护病房。中枢和周围神经系统表现的最高发生率与头痛、味觉丧失、嗅觉减退和嗅觉丧失有关。最后，15.3%的患者死亡，84.7%的患者康复。分析结果显示疾病转归与患者的头晕、意识障碍、癫痫发作和味觉丧失之间存在显著关系。患者的性别与头痛之间存在显著关系。患者的平均年龄和血氧水平与中枢和周围神经系统表现（头晕、头痛、意识障碍、嗅觉障碍）以及疾病转归之间存在显著差异。
COVID-19病毒感染累及中枢神经系统的病理生理学尚未完全明了。该病毒的神经症状包括谵妄、头痛、意识水平下降和癫痫发作。识别COVID-19神经并发症的症状和机制对于正确筛查和全面治疗是必要的，因为COVID-19感染患者可能不表现出呼吸衰竭迹象，但可能是携带者。迫切需要全面、准确地了解这种感染的症状和并发症，以便正确筛查患者，防止该疾病的传播。
