Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.
Elife. 2023 Jul 26;12:e87705. doi: 10.7554/eLife.87705.
The ability to sense and respond to changes in cellular oxygen levels is critical for aerobic organisms and requires a molecular oxygen sensor. The prototypical sensor is the oxygen-dependent enzyme PHD: hypoxia inhibits its ability to hydroxylate the transcription factor HIF, causing HIF to accumulate and trigger the classic HIF-dependent hypoxia response. A small handful of other oxygen sensors are known, all of which are oxygen-dependent enzymes. However, hundreds of oxygen-dependent enzymes exist among aerobic organisms, raising the possibility that additional sensors remain to be discovered. This review summarizes known and potential hypoxia sensors among human O-dependent enzymes and highlights their possible roles in hypoxia-related adaptation and diseases.
感知和响应细胞氧水平变化的能力对需氧生物至关重要，这需要一个分子氧传感器。典型的传感器是依赖氧的酶 PHD：缺氧抑制其羟化转录因子 HIF 的能力，导致 HIF 积累并引发经典的 HIF 依赖性缺氧反应。已知还有少数其他氧传感器，它们都是依赖氧的酶。然而，在需氧生物中存在数以百计的依赖氧的酶，这增加了其他传感器有待发现的可能性。这篇综述总结了人类 O 依赖酶中的已知和潜在的缺氧传感器，并强调了它们在与缺氧相关的适应和疾病中的可能作用。
