Reynolds D J, Morgan J H, Chanter N, Jones P W, Bridger J C, Debney T G, Bunch K J
Vet Rec. 1986 Jul 12;119(2):34-9. doi: 10.1136/vr.119.2.34.
Faeces samples from calves with diarrhoea in 45 outbreaks were examined for six enteropathogens. Rotavirus and coronavirus were detected by ELISA in 208 (42 per cent) and 69 (14 per cent) of 490 calves respectively; calici-like viruses were detected by electron microscopy in 14 of 132 calves (11 per cent). Cryptosporidium were detected in 106 of 465 (23 per cent), Salmonella species in 58 of 490 (12 per cent) and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli bearing the K99 adhesin (K99+ E coli) in nine of 310 calves (3 per cent). In the faeces of 20 per cent of calves with diarrhoea more than one enteropathogen was detected; in 31 per cent no enteropathogen was found. Faces samples from 385 healthy calves in the same outbreaks were also examined. There was a significant statistical association of disease with the presence of rotavirus, coronavirus, Cryptosporidium and Salmonella species (P less than 0.001). Healthy calves were not examined for calici-like viruses and the association of K99+ E coli with disease was not analysed because there were too few positive samples. Rotavirus infections were more common in dairy herds and single suckler beef herds whereas Salmonella infections were more often found in calf rearing units. Cryptosporidium were more common in single and multiple suckler beef herds. K99+ E coli were found in one dairy herd and one multiple suckler beef herd both with unhygienic calving accommodation. Variations in coronavirus detection among different farm types were not statistically significant. In this survey rotavirus was the most commonly detected agent in calf diarrhoea and Cryptosporidium were found in approximately one quarter of affected calves. Infection with Salmonella species was widespread, but K99+ E coli infections were less common in the United Kingdom than in other countries.
对45起疫情中患有腹泻的犊牛粪便样本进行了六种肠道病原体检测。通过酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA），在490头犊牛中分别检测到208头（42%）感染轮状病毒、69头（14%）感染冠状病毒；通过电子显微镜在132头犊牛中的14头（11%）检测到杯状样病毒。在465头犊牛中的106头（23%）检测到隐孢子虫，在490头犊牛中的58头（12%）检测到沙门氏菌属，在310头犊牛中的9头（3%）检测到携带K99黏附素的产肠毒素大肠杆菌（K99+大肠杆菌）。在20%患有腹泻的犊牛粪便中检测到不止一种肠道病原体；31%未发现肠道病原体。还对同一疫情中385头健康犊牛的粪便样本进行了检测。疾病与轮状病毒、冠状病毒、隐孢子虫和沙门氏菌属的存在存在显著统计学关联（P小于0.001）。未对健康犊牛检测杯状样病毒，且由于阳性样本过少未分析K99+大肠杆菌与疾病的关联。轮状病毒感染在奶牛群和单头哺乳肉牛群中更为常见，而沙门氏菌感染在犊牛饲养单位中更常出现。隐孢子虫在单头和多头哺乳肉牛群中更为常见。在一个奶牛群和一个多头哺乳肉牛群中发现了K99+大肠杆菌，这两个牛群的产犊环境都不卫生。不同农场类型之间冠状病毒检测的差异无统计学意义。在本次调查中，轮状病毒是犊牛腹泻中最常检测到的病原体，约四分之一受影响的犊牛中发现了隐孢子虫。沙门氏菌属感染广泛存在，但在英国，K99+大肠杆菌感染比其他国家少见。
