Davan Iswari, Fakurazi Sharida, Alias Ekram, Ibrahim Nurul 'Izzah, Hwei Ng Min, Hassan Haniza
Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2023 Jul 24;12(7):1480. doi: 10.3390/antiox12071480.
In recent years, bone loss and its associated diseases have become a significant public health concern due to increased disability, morbidity, and mortality. Oxidative stress and bone loss are correlated, where oxidative stress suppresses osteoblast activity, resulting in compromised homeostasis between bone formation and resorption. This event causes upregulation of bone remodeling turnover rate with an increased risk of fractures and bone loss. Therefore, supplementation of antioxidants can be proposed to reduce oxidative stress, facilitate the bone remodeling process, suppress the initiation of bone diseases, and improve bone health. Astaxanthin (3,3'-dihydroxy-4-4'-diketo-β-β carotene), a potent antioxidant belonging to the xanthophylls family, is a potential ROS scavenger and could be a promising therapeutic nutraceutical possessing various pharmacological properties. In bone, astaxanthin enhances osteoblast differentiation, osteocytes numbers, and/or differentiation, inhibits osteoclast differentiation, cartilage degradation markers, and increases bone mineral density, expression of osteogenic markers, while reducing bone loss. In this review, we presented the up-to-date findings of the potential anabolic effects of astaxanthin on bone health in vitro, animal, and human studies by providing comprehensive evidence for its future clinical application, especially in treating bone diseases.
近年来，由于残疾、发病率和死亡率的增加，骨质流失及其相关疾病已成为一个重大的公共卫生问题。氧化应激与骨质流失相关，氧化应激会抑制成骨细胞活性，导致骨形成和骨吸收之间的稳态受损。这一事件会导致骨重塑周转率上调，骨折和骨质流失风险增加。因此，可以建议补充抗氧化剂以减少氧化应激，促进骨重塑过程，抑制骨疾病的发生，并改善骨骼健康。虾青素（3,3'-二羟基-4,4'-二酮-β,β-胡萝卜素）是一种属于叶黄素家族的强效抗氧化剂，是一种潜在的活性氧清除剂，可能是一种具有多种药理特性的有前景的治疗性营养保健品。在骨骼中，虾青素可增强成骨细胞分化、骨细胞数量和/或分化，抑制破骨细胞分化、软骨降解标志物，并增加骨密度、成骨标志物的表达，同时减少骨质流失。在这篇综述中，我们通过为虾青素未来的临床应用，特别是在治疗骨疾病方面提供全面证据，展示了其在体外、动物和人体研究中对骨骼健康潜在合成代谢作用的最新研究结果。
