Sario Sara, Melo-Ferreira José, Santos Conceição
Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-453 Porto, Portugal.
Biology (Basel). 2023 Jun 25;12(7):907. doi: 10.3390/biology12070907.
Anthropogenic challenges, particularly climate change-associated factors, are strongly impacting the behavior, distribution, and survival of insects. Yet how these changes affect pests such as , a cosmopolitan pest of soft-skinned small fruits, remains poorly understood. This polyphagous pest is chill-susceptible, with cold temperatures causing multiple stresses, including desiccation and starvation, also challenging the immune system. Since the invasion of Europe and the United States of America in 2009, it has been rapidly spreading to several European and American countries (both North and South American) and North African and Asian countries. However, globalization and global warming are allowing an altitudinal and latitudinal expansion of the species, and thus the colonization of colder regions. This review explores how adapts to survive during cold seasons. We focus on overwintering strategies of behavioral adaptations such as migration or sheltering, seasonal polyphenism, reproductive adaptations, as well as metabolic and transcriptomic changes in response to cold. Finally, we discuss how the continuation of climate change may promote the ability of this species to survive and spread, and what mitigation measures could be employed to overcome cold-adapted .
人为挑战，尤其是与气候变化相关的因素，正在强烈影响昆虫的行为、分布和生存。然而，这些变化如何影响诸如[某种昆虫名称]（一种软皮小水果的世界性害虫）等害虫，仍知之甚少。这种多食性害虫对寒冷敏感，低温会导致多种压力，包括脱水和饥饿，同时也对免疫系统构成挑战。自2009年入侵欧洲和美国以来，它已迅速蔓延至几个欧美国家（包括北美和南美）以及北非和亚洲国家。然而，全球化和全球变暖正促使该物种在海拔和纬度上扩张，从而得以在更寒冷的地区定殖。本综述探讨了[某种昆虫名称]如何在寒冷季节生存。我们重点关注行为适应的越冬策略，如迁徙或躲避、季节性多型现象、生殖适应，以及对寒冷的代谢和转录组变化。最后，我们讨论气候变化的持续可能如何促进该物种的生存和传播能力，以及可以采取哪些缓解措施来克服适应寒冷的[某种昆虫名称]。
