Navalesi Pietro, Oddo Calogero Maria, Chisci Glauco, Frosolini Andrea, Gennaro Paolo, Abbate Vincenzo, Prattichizzo Domenico, Gabriele Guido
The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
Department of Information Engineering, Università di Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2023 Jun 26;10(7):765. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering10070765.
This overview aimed to characterize the type, development, and use of haptic technologies for maxillofacial surgical purposes. The work aim is to summarize and evaluate current advantages, drawbacks, and design choices of presented technologies for each field of application in order to address and promote future research as well as to provide a global view of the issue.
Relevant manuscripts were searched electronically through Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases until 1 November 2022.
After analyzing the available literature, 31 articles regarding tactile sensors and interfaces, sensorized tools, haptic technologies, and integrated platforms in oral and maxillofacial surgery have been included. Moreover, a quality rating is provided for each article following appropriate evaluation metrics.
Many efforts have been made to overcome the technological limits of computed assistant diagnosis, surgery, and teaching. Nonetheless, a research gap is evident between dental/maxillofacial surgery and other specialties such as endovascular, laparoscopic, and microsurgery; especially for what concerns electrical and optical-based sensors for instrumented tools and sensorized tools for contact forces detection. The application of existing technologies is mainly focused on digital simulation purposes, and the integration into Computer Assisted Surgery (CAS) is far from being widely actuated. Virtual reality, increasingly adopted in various fields of surgery (e.g., sino-nasal, traumatology, implantology) showed interesting results and has the potential to revolutionize teaching and learning. A major concern regarding the actual state of the art is the absence of randomized control trials and the prevalence of case reports, retrospective cohorts, and experimental studies. Nonetheless, as the research is fast growing, we can expect to see many developments be incorporated into maxillofacial surgery practice, after adequate evaluation by the scientific community.
本综述旨在描述用于颌面外科手术目的的触觉技术的类型、发展和应用。工作目标是总结和评估所介绍技术在每个应用领域的当前优势、缺点和设计选择，以推动和促进未来的研究，并提供该问题的全局视角。
通过Scopus、MEDLINE/PubMed和Cochrane图书馆数据库对相关手稿进行电子检索，检索截至2022年11月1日的文献。
在分析现有文献后，纳入了31篇关于口腔颌面外科中触觉传感器与接口、传感工具、触觉技术和集成平台的文章。此外，根据适当的评估指标为每篇文章提供了质量评级。
人们已经做出了许多努力来克服计算机辅助诊断、手术和教学的技术限制。然而，牙科/颌面外科与其他专科（如血管内、腹腔镜和显微外科）之间存在明显的研究差距；特别是在用于器械工具的基于电和光的传感器以及用于接触力检测的传感工具方面。现有技术的应用主要集中在数字模拟目的，并且与计算机辅助手术（CAS）的集成远未广泛实现。虚拟现实在外科手术的各个领域（如鼻科、创伤学、种植学）越来越多地被采用，显示出有趣的结果，并有潜力彻底改变教学和学习。对于当前的技术水平，一个主要问题是缺乏随机对照试验，以及病例报告、回顾性队列研究和实验研究的普遍性。尽管如此，随着研究的快速发展，我们可以预期在科学界进行充分评估后，许多进展将被纳入颌面外科手术实践。
