Institute of Biomedical Manufacturing and Life Quality Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University.
Int J Med Robot. 2014 Mar;10(1):78-87. doi: 10.1002/rcs.1514. Epub 2013 May 29.
VR-based surgery simulation provides a cost-effective and efficient method to train novices. In this study, a virtual training system for maxillofacial surgery (VR-MFS), which aims mainly at the simulation of operations on mandible and maxilla, was developed and demonstrated.
The virtual models of the anatomic structures were reconstructed from CT data, and the virtual instruments were built from laser scanning data using reverse engineering technology. For collision detection, axis aligned bounding boxes (AABBs) were constructed for the anatomic models. Then, the simulation algorithms were developed, and the haptic force feedback was consequently calculated based on regression equations. Finally, the vivid 3D stereo effect was implemented with the use of an immersive workbench.
A virtual training system for maxillofacial surgery was developed; in particular, the application for Le-Fort I osteotomy was implemented. The tactile, visual and aural effects were highly integrated, making the virtual surgical environment vivid and realistic.
The VR-MFS provides an effective approach in terms of helping novices to become familiar with maxillofacial surgery procedures. The same method can also be applied to other bone simulations.
基于虚拟现实的手术模拟为新手培训提供了一种具有成本效益和高效率的方法。在这项研究中，开发并展示了一种主要针对下颌骨和上颌骨手术模拟的颌面外科虚拟培训系统（VR-MFS）。
使用逆向工程技术，从 CT 数据重建解剖结构的虚拟模型，并从激光扫描数据构建虚拟器械。为了进行碰撞检测，为解剖模型构建了轴对齐包围盒（AABB）。然后，开发了模拟算法，并根据回归方程计算出触觉力反馈。最后，使用沉浸式工作台实现生动的 3D 立体效果。
开发了一种颌面外科虚拟培训系统; 特别是实现了 Le-Fort I 截骨术的应用。触觉、视觉和听觉效果高度集成，使虚拟手术环境生动逼真。
VR-MFS 为新手熟悉颌面外科手术程序提供了一种有效方法。同样的方法也可以应用于其他骨骼模拟。
