Departamento de Reproducción, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44410, Mexico.
Departamento de Cirugía General y Endócrina, Hospital General Medio Ajusco, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2023 Jul 19;59(7):1330. doi: 10.3390/medicina59071330.
: Breastfeeding is a characteristic process of mammals that ensures delivery of an adequate nutritional supply to infants. It is the gold standard food source during an infant's first months of life. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, people in quarantine have experienced a wide range of feelings, which may make isolation challenging in terms of maternal health. This study focused on the prevalence of breastfeeding practices and postpartum depression (PPD) among Mexican women during the COVID-19 pandemic. : This cross-sectional study included 586 postpartum women who completed an online survey 4-8 weeks after delivery from April to December 2020 in Guadalajara, Mexico. The aim was to identify potentially depressed mothers according to the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and describe their breastfeeding practices. : The mean maternal age was 30.4 ± 4.6 years, the mean EPDS score was 9.6 ± 5.0, and the PPD prevalence according EPDS scores was 27.1%. Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) was reported by 32.3% of mothers in the first 48 h and by 70.3% of mothers 48 h after delivery. EBF was associated with a lower prevalence of PPD during the first 48 h ( = 0.015) and after the first 48 h ( = 0.001) after delivery. Skin-to-skin contact (SSC) was reported by 385 (65.7%) mothers. PPD was less frequent in mothers practicing SSC (20.3%) than it was in those not practicing SSC (40.3%) ( = 0.001). A higher percentage of mothers practiced SSC breastfed (66.9%) and used EBF (150, 79.4%) ( = 0.012 and 0.001, respectively). : Results suggest that the pandemic emergency and restrictions imposed on the population significantly affected the well-being of mothers after birth, and that these effects may have posed risks to the mental health and emotional stability of postpartum mothers. Therefore, encouraging BF or EBF and SSC may improve or limit depressive symptoms in postpartum mothers.
母乳喂养是哺乳动物的一种特征性过程，可确保向婴儿提供充足的营养供应。它是婴儿生命最初几个月的黄金标准食物来源。自 2020 年 COVID-19 大流行开始以来，隔离中的人们经历了各种情绪，这可能使母婴健康方面的隔离变得具有挑战性。本研究专注于 COVID-19 大流行期间墨西哥妇女母乳喂养实践和产后抑郁症（PPD）的流行情况。
这项横断面研究包括 2020 年 4 月至 12 月在墨西哥瓜达拉哈拉市分娩后 4-8 周内完成在线调查的 586 名产后妇女。目的是根据爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）确定可能患有抑郁症的母亲，并描述她们的母乳喂养做法。
母亲的平均年龄为 30.4 ± 4.6 岁，平均 EPDS 得分为 9.6 ± 5.0，根据 EPDS 评分，PPD 的患病率为 27.1%。在最初的 48 小时内，有 32.3%的母亲报告进行了纯母乳喂养（EBF），在分娩后 48 小时内，有 70.3%的母亲报告进行了 EBF。在最初的 48 小时内（ = 0.015）和分娩后 48 小时内（ = 0.001），EBF 与较低的 PPD 患病率相关。有 385 名（65.7%）母亲报告了皮肤接触（SSC）。进行 SSC 的母亲的 PPD 发生率较低（20.3%），而未进行 SSC 的母亲的 PPD 发生率较高（40.3%）（ = 0.001）。更多的母亲进行了 SSC 母乳喂养（66.9%）和 EBF（150，79.4%）（ = 0.012 和 0.001）。
结果表明，大流行紧急情况和对人口的限制对母亲产后的幸福感产生了重大影响，这些影响可能对产后母亲的心理健康和情绪稳定构成风险。因此，鼓励 BF 或 EBF 和 SSC 可能会改善或限制产后母亲的抑郁症状。
