Electrochemistry and Chemistry of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Dschang, Dschang P.O. Box 67, Cameroon.
Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany.
Molecules. 2023 Jul 18;28(14):5487. doi: 10.3390/molecules28145487.
Epinephrine (EP, also called adrenaline) is a compound belonging to the catecholamine neurotransmitter family. It can cause neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This work describes an amperometric sensor for the electroanalytical detection of EP by using an inkjet-printed graphene electrode (IPGE) that has been chemically modified by a thin layer of a laponite (La) clay mineral. The ion exchange properties and permeability of the chemically modified electrode (denoted La/IPGE) were evaluated using multi-sweep cyclic voltammetry, while its charge transfer resistance was determined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results showed that La/IPGE exhibited higher sensitivity to EP compared to the bare IPGE. The developed sensor was directly applied for the determination of EP in aqueous solution using differential pulse voltammetry. Under optimized conditions, a linear calibration graph was obtained in the concentration range between 0.8 µM and 10 μM. The anodic peak current of EP was directly proportional to its concentration, leading to detection limits of 0.34 μM and 0.26 μM with bare IPGE and La/IPGE, respectively. The sensor was successfully applied for the determination of EP in pharmaceutical preparations. Recovery rates and the effects of interfering species on the detection of EP were evaluated to highlight the selectivity of the elaborated sensor.
肾上腺素（EP，也称为肾上腺素）是一种属于儿茶酚胺神经递质家族的化合物。它可导致神经退行性疾病，如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿病和肌萎缩侧索硬化症。本工作描述了一种安培传感器，用于通过使用喷墨打印的石墨烯电极（IPGE）的电化学修饰层来分析儿茶酚胺神经递质 EP 的电分析检测，该电极经过一层薄的皂石（La）粘土矿物修饰。使用多扫循环伏安法评估了化学修饰电极（表示为 La/IPGE）的离子交换性质和渗透性，而电化学阻抗谱则确定了其电荷转移电阻。结果表明，与裸 IPGE 相比，La/IPGE 对 EP 表现出更高的灵敏度。该开发的传感器直接用于使用差分脉冲伏安法测定水溶液中的 EP。在优化条件下，在 0.8 µM 至 10 μM 的浓度范围内获得了线性校准图。EP 的阳极峰电流与其浓度成正比，导致裸 IPGE 和 La/IPGE 的检测限分别为 0.34 μM 和 0.26 μM。该传感器成功地用于测定药物制剂中的 EP。评估回收率和干扰物质对 EP 检测的影响，以突出所阐述传感器的选择性。
