Department of Education and Training, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission of China, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Nutrients. 2023 Jul 24;15(14):3277. doi: 10.3390/nu15143277.
Few articles have investigated the impact of long-term meat intake trends and their changes during follow-up on the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to explore the long-term trajectories of meat intake and determine its association with T2D risk in Chinese adults. This study used seven rounds of data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1997, 2000, 2004, 2006, 2009, 2015, and 2018), and 4464 adults aged 18 years or older were analyzed. The group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify meat intake trajectories over 21 years. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard and restricted cubic spline models were used to analyze the association and dose-response relationship between meat intake and T2D. Four trajectory groups were identified: "low-increase intake group" (Group 1), "moderate-increase intake group" (Group 2), "medium-stable intake group" (Group 3), and "high intake group" (Group 4). Compared with Group 2, Group 4 was associated with a higher risk of developing T2D (hazard ratio 2.37 [95% CI 1.41-3.98]). After adjusting for demographic characteristics, lifestyle, total energy intake, waist circumference, and systolic blood pressure, and using the third quintile as a reference, the risk of T2D was increased by 46% in the lowest quintile with meat intake (hazard ratio 1.46 [95% CI 1.07-2.01]) and by 41% in the highest quintile with meat intake (HR 1.41 [95% CI 1.03-1.94]). A U-shape was observed between meat intake and T2D risk ( for nonlinear < 0.001). When the intake was lower than 75 g/day, the risk of T2D was negatively correlated with meat intake, while the risk of T2D was positively correlated with meat intake when the intake was higher than 165 g/day. We identified four trajectory groups of meat intake from 1997 to 2018, which were associated with different risks of developing T2D. A U-shaped association was observed between meat intake and T2D in Chinese adults.
很少有文章研究长期肉类摄入趋势及其在随访期间的变化对 2 型糖尿病（T2D）风险的影响。我们旨在探讨中国成年人肉类摄入的长期轨迹，并确定其与 T2D 风险的关系。本研究使用了中国健康与营养调查（1997、2000、2004、2006、2009、2015 和 2018 年）的七轮数据，分析了 4464 名 18 岁及以上的成年人。采用基于群组的轨迹建模来识别 21 年的肉类摄入轨迹。多变量 Cox 比例风险和限制立方样条模型用于分析肉类摄入与 T2D 之间的关联和剂量-反应关系。确定了四个轨迹组：“低增加摄入组”（第 1 组）、“中增加摄入组”（第 2 组）、“中稳定摄入组”（第 3 组）和“高摄入组”（第 4 组）。与第 2 组相比，第 4 组发生 T2D 的风险更高（风险比 2.37 [95%CI 1.41-3.98]）。在调整人口统计学特征、生活方式、总能量摄入、腰围和收缩压后，以第三五分位数为参照，最低五分位数的肉类摄入量增加了 46%（风险比 1.46 [95%CI 1.07-2.01]），最高五分位数的肉类摄入量增加了 41%（HR 1.41 [95%CI 1.03-1.94]）。肉类摄入量与 T2D 风险之间呈现 U 形关系（ for nonlinear < 0.001）。当摄入量低于 75g/天，T2D 的风险与肉类摄入量呈负相关，而当摄入量高于 165g/天，T2D 的风险与肉类摄入量呈正相关。我们从 1997 年到 2018 年确定了四个肉类摄入轨迹组，它们与 T2D 发生的风险不同。中国成年人中观察到肉类摄入量与 T2D 之间存在 U 形关联。
