Kamairudin Norsuhaili, Abdullah Luqman Chuah, Hoong Seng Soi, Biak Dayang Radiah Awang, Ariffin Hidayah
Higher Education Centre of Excellence (HiCoE), Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Product, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Jul 13;15(14):3028. doi: 10.3390/polym15143028.
Recently, most of the commercial polyols used in the production of rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) have been derived from petrochemicals. Therefore, the introduction of modified palm oil derivatives-based polyol as a renewable material into the formulation of RPUFs is the focus of this study. A palm oil derivative-namely, methyl oleate (MO)-was successfully modified through three steps of reactions: epoxidation reaction, ring-opened with glycerol, followed by amidation reaction to produce a bio-based polyol named alkanolamide polyol. Physicochemical properties of the alkanolamide polyol were analyzed. The hydroxyl value of alkanolamide polyol was 313 mg KOH/g, which is suitable for producing RPUFs. Therefore, RPUFs were produced by replacing petrochemical polyol with alkanolamide polyol. The effects of alkanolamide polyol on the physical, mechanical and thermal properties were evaluated. The results showed that the apparent density and compressive strength increased, and cell size decreased, upon introducing alkanolamide polyol. All the RPUFs exhibited low water absorption and excellent dimensional stability. The RPUFs made with increased amounts of alkanolamide polyol showed higher thermal conductivity. Nevertheless, the thermal conductivities of RPUFs made with alkanolamide polyol are still within the range for thermal insulating materials (<0.1 W/m.K). The thermal stability of RPUFs was improved with the addition of alkanolamide polyol into the system. Thus, the RPUFs made from alkanolamide polyol are potential candidates to be used as insulation for refrigerators or freezers.
最近，用于生产硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料（RPUFs）的大多数商业多元醇都来自石化产品。因此，将基于改性棕榈油衍生物的多元醇作为可再生材料引入RPUFs配方是本研究的重点。一种棕榈油衍生物，即油酸甲酯（MO），通过三步反应成功改性：环氧化反应、与甘油开环，然后进行酰胺化反应，以生产一种名为链烷醇酰胺多元醇的生物基多元醇。分析了链烷醇酰胺多元醇的物理化学性质。链烷醇酰胺多元醇的羟值为313mg KOH/g，适合用于生产RPUFs。因此，通过用链烷醇酰胺多元醇替代石化多元醇来生产RPUFs。评估了链烷醇酰胺多元醇对物理、机械和热性能的影响。结果表明，引入链烷醇酰胺多元醇后，表观密度和抗压强度增加，泡孔尺寸减小。所有RPUFs都表现出低吸水性和优异的尺寸稳定性。用增加量的链烷醇酰胺多元醇制成的RPUFs显示出更高的热导率。然而，用链烷醇酰胺多元醇制成的RPUFs的热导率仍在隔热材料的范围内（<0.1W/m.K）。通过向体系中添加链烷醇酰胺多元醇，提高了RPUFs的热稳定性。因此，由链烷醇酰胺多元醇制成的RPUFs是用作冰箱或冰柜隔热材料的潜在候选材料。
