Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Poult Sci. 2023 Oct;102(10):102905. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102905. Epub 2023 Jul 1.
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to idetnify the relative contributions of the sources of Campylobacter in poultry live production to Campylobacter prevalence of broiler meat. The keywords of Campylobacter, prevalence, live production, and broiler were used in Google Scholar to address the research interest. A total of 16,800 citations were identified, and 63 relevant citations were included in the meta-analysis after applying predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A generalized linear mixed model approach combined with logit transformation was used in the current meta-analysis to stabilize the variance. The analysis revealed that Campylobacter is ubiquitous in the poultry house exterior environment including surroundings, wildlife, domestic animals, and farm vehicle, with a predicted prevalence of 14%. The recovery of Campylobacter in the interior environment of the poultry house is far less abundant than in the exterior, with a prevalence of 2%, including litter, water, insects, mice, feed, and air. A lack of evidence was observed for vertical transmission due to the day-old chicks being free of Campylobacter from 4 studies identified. Live birds are the predominant carrier of Campylobacter, with a predicted prevalence of 41%. Transportation equipment used for live haul had an overall prevalence of 39%, with vehicles showing a predicted prevalence of 44% and crates with a predicted prevalence of 22%. The results of this meta-analysis highlight the need to implement effective biosecurity measures to minimize the risk of Campylobacter in poultry meat, as human activity appears to be the primary factor for Campylobacter introduction.
系统评价和荟萃分析旨在确定家禽生产中弯曲杆菌的来源对肉鸡肉中弯曲杆菌流行率的相对贡献。使用 Google Scholar 中的关键词“弯曲杆菌、流行率、活体生产和肉鸡”来解决研究兴趣。确定了 16800 个引文，并且在应用预定的纳入和排除标准后，有 63 个相关引文被纳入荟萃分析。当前的荟萃分析采用广义线性混合模型方法结合对数转换来稳定方差。分析表明，弯曲杆菌在禽舍外部环境中无处不在，包括周围环境、野生动物、家畜和农场车辆，预测流行率为 14%。禽舍内部环境中弯曲杆菌的回收量远低于外部环境，流行率为 2%，包括垫料、水、昆虫、老鼠、饲料和空气。由于从 4 项研究中发现，一日龄雏鸡没有弯曲杆菌，因此没有观察到垂直传播的证据。活禽是弯曲杆菌的主要携带者，预测流行率为 41%。用于活禽运输的运输设备总体流行率为 39%，车辆预测流行率为 44%，板条箱预测流行率为 22%。这项荟萃分析的结果强调需要实施有效的生物安全措施，以最大程度地降低禽肉中弯曲杆菌的风险，因为人类活动似乎是弯曲杆菌引入的主要因素。
